Crime, diagnóstico psiquiátrico e perfil da vítima: um estudo com a população de uma casa de custódia do estado de São Paulo

Abstract

ResumoObjetivo: Estudar a população de uma casa de custódia quanto a aspectos criminais, diagnóstico clínico e perfil da vítima. Métodos: Foram examinados os prontuários de 269 pacientes durante o ano de 2005. Considerou-se apenas a população do gênero masculino cujos casos já tinham laudo anexado ao prontuário psiquiátrico-criminal. Resultados: Foi encontrado predomínio de transtornos psicóticos (58%). O crime mais freqüente foi contra a vida (52,8%), sendo o grupo dos pacientes psicóticos o que teve maior associação com esse tipo de crime (p < 0,05). Desses crimes, 89,7% resultaram em morte e em 34,5% a vítima era um parente próximo. Os sujeitos com retardo mental cometeram proporcionalmente mais crimes sexuais quando comparados com os pacientes psicóticos e considerando somente crime sexual ou contra a vida (p < 0,05). Em 78,5% dos crimes sexuais as vítimas tinham idade inferior a 14 anos. Conclusão: A população estudada é semelhante às de outras instituições com o mesmo perfil. Os achados em relação às características das vítimas, tanto nos casos de homicídio pelos psicóticos como nos crimes sexuais dos sujeitos com retardo mental, indicam que aspectos da vítima têm papel importante no crime. Palavras-chave: psiquiatria forense, doença mental, comportamento violento, casa de custódia. AbstractObjective: To study the population of a high security hospital according to its criminal records, clinical diagnosis and victim profile. Methods: The records of 269 patients were analyzed, considering only male patients whose medical reports had already been included in the criminal-psychiatric records. Results: Psychotic disorders were the most common findings (58%). The most common type of crime was murder or murder attempt (52.8%), with a significant correlation between psychotic disorders and this type of crime (p < 0.05). These crimes led to death in 89.7% of the cases, and in 34.5% the victim was a close relative. Mentally retarded patients committed proportionally more sexual crimes when compared to psychotic patients and considering only sexual crimes or murder attempts (p < 0.05). In 78.5% of all sexual crimes the victims were under 14 years old. Conclusion: The studied population is similar to the ones of other institutions with the same profile. The data on the victims, both murders committed by psychotic patients and sexual crimes committed by mentally retarded individuals, show that aspects of the victim are to be considered when analyzing the crime.

Association between Violent Crime and Psychosis in Men Serving Prison Terms

“…One of the latest prison studies, conducted in Brazil (Pondé, Caron, Mendonça, Freire, & Moreau, 2014), found no association between psychosis and the most serious crimes. That non-association is contrary to what another study found in a prison psychiatric ward, also in Brazil (Teixeira & Dalgalarrondo, 2006). In a prospective, longitudinal study of prison inmates in the United Kingdom, Keers, Ullrich, DeStavola, and Coid (2014) concluded that only an untreated schizophrenia diagnosis was significantly associated with violence.…”

Prevalence of mental disorders among sexual offenders and non-sexual offenders

“…According to researchers, subjects with less severe mental retardation are more likely to commit the type of crimes that require greater planning. On the other hand, individuals with more severe retardation tend to commit sex offenses or crimes that need less planning 1,11 .…”

“…Based on the study population, a predominance of psychotic disorder was found, with 44% of subjects presenting comorbidity with the use of drugs. Homicide was found to be the most frequently committed crime and the most strongly associated with psychotic patients, while sexual crimes were associated with mentally retarded patients 11 .…”

“…In some countries, the mentally ill who perpetrate crimes are incarcerated and treated in special institutions following their conviction. In Brazil, these entities are called "Casa de Custódia" (Custody Hospitals) and their remit is the isolation and treatment of the mentally ill 11 .…”

Bases psicopatológicas do crime violento: estudo caso-controle retrospectivo de pacientes delirantes criminosos e não-criminosos

“…Conseqüentemente, os instrumentos foram selecionados, sempre que possível, quando tinham sido submetidos a estudos de validação e de confiabilidade. Foram utilizadas as escalas MMDAS 20,21,26 , MINI 27 (entrevista neuropsiquiátrica miniinternacional) e a PANSS 8 (escala das sín-dromes positiva e negativa). Embora o MMDAS não tenha sido validado inteiramente no Brasil, após a tradução para o português realizada pelos autores deste artigo, a retradução para o inglês foi conduzida por um psiquiatra americano formado nos Estados Unidos e com grande experiência em psiquiatria clínica no Brasil (Dr. Sílvio Saidemberg).…”