Variabilidade genética para caracteres morfométricos de matrizes de castanha-do-brasil da Amazônia Mato-grossense

Camargo, Flora Ferreira; Costa, Reginaldo Brito da; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de; Roa, Raul Alffonso Rodrigues; Rodrigues, Nathalia Oliveira; Santos, Leonardo Vivaldini dos; Freitas, Ana Carla Almeida de

doi:10.1590/s0044-59672010000400010

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Although it is easier to measure NFP than SWP trait, since to evaluate that second trait is necessary to open the fruit for weighing the seeds, the indirect selection for SWP should be viewed with caution, since the relationship of NFP with other important traits for genetic improvement, such as the hardness of the fruit, seed size and seed number per fruit, still needs to be studied. Camargo et al (2010), evaluating Brazil nut trees, obtained expressive genetic gain results in the selection for fruit weigh, seed weight per fruit and number of seeds per fruit. The values of NFP e SWP of the tree selected in the present study were also promising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of Fruits and Seeds Production and Selection of Brazil Nut Genotypes in Native Populations in Roraima1

Pedrozo¹,

Tonini

Resende

et al. 2015

Rev. Árvore

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-This study estimates the repeatability coefficients of two production traits in two native populations of Brazil nut trees. It determines the number of years of suitable evaluations for an efficient selection process, determines the permanent phenotypic correlation between production traits and also the selection of promising trees in these populations. Populations, located in the Itã region (ITA) and in the in the Cujubim region (CUJ), are both belonging to the municipality of Caracaraí, state of Roraima -Brazil, and consist of 85 and 51 adult trees, respectively. Each tree was evaluated regarding the number of fruits per plant (NFP) and fresh seed weight per plant (SWP), for eight (ITA) and five consecutive years (CUJ). Statistical analyses were performed according to the mixed model methodology, using Software Selegen-REML/BLUP (RESENDE, 2007). The repeatability coefficients were low for NFP (0.3145 and 0.3269 for ITA and CUJ, respectively) and also for SWP (0.2957 and 0.3436 for ITA and CUJ, respectively). It on average takes nine evaluation years to reach coefficients of determination higher than 80%. Permanent phenotypic correlation values higher than 0.95 were obtained for NFP and SWP in both populations. Although trees with a high number of fruits and seed weight were identified, more evaluation years are needed to perform the selection process more efficiently.Keywords: Bertholletia excelsa; Genetic improvement; Forest resources. REPETIBILIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DE FRUTOS E SEMENTES E SELEÇÃO DE GENÓTIPOS DE CASTANHA-DO-BRASIL EM POPULAÇÕES NATIVAS EM RORAIMARESUMO -Os objetivos deste estudo foram estimar coeficientes de repetibilidade de dois caracteres de produção em duas populações nativas de castanheira-do-brasil, determinar o número de anos de avaliações adequado para um eficiente processo de seleção, determinar a correlação fenotípica permanente entre os caracteres de produção e selecionar árvores promissoras nessas populações. As populações, localizadas na região do Itã (ITA) e na região do Cujubim (CUJ), ambas pertencentes ao Município de Caracaraí, Estado de Roraima -Brasil, foram constituídas por 85 e 51 árvores adultas, respectivamente. Cada árvore foi avaliada quanto ao número de frutos por planta (NFP) e peso fresco de sementes por planta (SWP), por oito (ITA) e cinco anos consecutivos (CUJ). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas segundo a metodologia de modelos mistos, utilizando-se o Software Selegen-REML/BLUP (RESENDE, 2007 864Revista Árvore, Viçosa-MG, v.39, n.5, p.863-871, 2015 PEDROZO, C.A. et. al fenotípica permanente entre NFP e SWP acima de 0,95 foram obtidos nas duas populações. Apesar de ter sido possível identificar árvores com elevado número de frutos e peso de sementes, número maior de anos de avaliação é necessário para que o processo seletivo seja realizado de forma mais eficiente.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of Fruits and Seeds Production and Selection of Brazil Nut Genotypes in Native Populations in Roraima1

Pedrozo¹,

Tonini

Resende

et al. 2015

Rev. Árvore

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“…(Arecaceae; Camargo et al . ). The terrain undulates, with approximately 40 m between plateaus and valleys.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The main vegetation within the 7000 ha of the forest consists of primary tropical rain forest, with canopy trees reaching 30-40 m in height and some emergent trees reaching 45 m. This closed-canopy forest has an understory that is relatively open with high densities of the understory plant, Orbignya phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae; Camargo et al 2010). The terrain undulates, with approximately 40 m between plateaus and valleys.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy Openness Enhances Diversity of Ant–Plant Interactions in the Brazilian Amazon Rain Forest

Dáttilo

Dyer

2014

Biotropica

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In closed‐canopy tropical forest understory, light availability is a significant determinant of habitat diversity because canopy structure is highly variable in most tropical forests. Consequently, variation in canopy cover affects the composition and distribution of plant species via creating variable light environments. Nevertheless, little is known about how variation in canopy openness structures patterns of plant–animal interactions. Because of the great diversity and dominance of ants in tropical environments, we used ant–plant interactions as a focal network to evaluate how variation in canopy cover influences patterns of plant–insect interactions in the Brazilian Amazon rain forest. We observed that small increases in canopy openness are associated with increased diversity of ant–plant interactions in our study area, and this change is independent of plant or ant species richness. Additionally, we found smaller niche overlap for both ants and plants associated with greater canopy openness. We hypothesize that enhanced light availability increases the breadth of ant foraging sources because variation in light availability gives rise to plant resources of different quality and amounts. Moreover, greater light availability promotes vegetative growth in plants, creating ant foraging ‘bridges’ between plants. In sum, our results highlight the importance of environmental heterogeneity as a determinant of ant–plant interaction diversity in tropical environments.

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“…254 m). According to Köppen classification, the climate is tropical humid (Am) with mean annual temperature of 24°C, humidity of 85% and mean annual rainfall of 2,300 mm (Veloso et al 1991;Camargo et al 2010).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral resource partitioning by ants and bees in a jambolan Syzygium jambolanum (Myrtaceae) agroforestry system in Brazilian Meridional Amazon

et al. 2012

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The fruit production of flowering plants critically depends on the pollination services provided by animals that compete for flower resources. The output of competitive interactions between ants and bees for inflorescences of jambolan Syzygium jambolanum (Myrtaceae) in an agroforestry system in Brazilian Meridional Amazonian are an interesting system of investigation due the possibility to control variables experimentally. In 20 S. jambolanum individuals we performed 300 treatments in different inflorescences of two strata (upper and lower) as follows: (1) ants exclusion, (2) bees exclusion, and (3) control group where ants and bees could access the inflorescences. There was no difference in the number of inflorescences, volume of nectar and sugar concentration between the strata. Also the visitors considered are distributed equally in the tree's stratum. When bees were prevented from access the inflorescences, ants dominated more inflorescences only in the lower stratum. On the contrary, when ants were excluded, bees visited more inflorescences only in the upper stratum. We conclude that ants prevent the access to bees and vice versa as the result of different ability of resource utilization and foraging strategies. Thus, preventing the access of ants to the floral nectar could increase the level of nectar available to pollinators of S. jambolanum, thereby increasing productivity and reducing economic losses.

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Variabilidade genética para caracteres morfométricos de matrizes de castanha-do-brasil da Amazônia Mato-grossense

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Repeatability of Fruits and Seeds Production and Selection of Brazil Nut Genotypes in Native Populations in Roraima1

Repeatability of Fruits and Seeds Production and Selection of Brazil Nut Genotypes in Native Populations in Roraima1

Canopy Openness Enhances Diversity of Ant–Plant Interactions in the Brazilian Amazon Rain Forest

Floral resource partitioning by ants and bees in a jambolan Syzygium jambolanum (Myrtaceae) agroforestry system in Brazilian Meridional Amazon

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