Calibração do "simplified simple biosphere model - SSiB" para áreas de pastagem e floresta na Amazônia com dados do LBA

Correia, Francis Wagner Silva; Alvalá, Regina Célia dos Santos; Manzi, A. O.; Gielow, Ralf; Kubota, Paulo Yoshio

doi:10.1590/s0044-59672005000200017

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Numerical simulations with global circulation and regional model performed by Lean and Rowntree (1997) and Gandu et al (2004), respectively, have shown less significant increase, in the surface temperature, than obtained here. Most studies used the physical parameters of savanna to represent the deforested areas in the tropics while the present study used the parameters of the degraded pasture in Amazonia (CORREIA et al, 2005). Moreover, most models used in the earlier studies did not represent dynamic vegetation in their surface schemes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study the biome degraded pasture represented the deforestation in the Amazon Basin (CORREIA et al, 2008). Many parameters have been calibrated using measurements taken on forest and pasture sites in the Amazon region (CORREIA et al, 2005). Two emissions scenarios obtained from the CCSM3-NCAR (MEEHL et al, 2006) were also used in this study.…”

Section: Deforestation and Ghg Emissions Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Land Cover and Greenhouse Gas (Ghg) Concentration Changes on the Hydrological Cycle in Amazon Basin: A Regional Climate Model Study

Rocha¹,

Correia²,

Satyamurty³

et al. 2015

ABClima

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The Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS) coupled with the dynamic vegetation scheme known as General Energy and Mass Transport Model (GEMTM) and land cover scenarios in the Amazon Basin and greenhouse gas concentration increase scenarios produced by Community Climate System Model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research are used to evaluate the impacts on the hydrological cycle of the Amazon Basin. The 2050 estimates of deforestation and the greenhouse gas concentration scenarios (A2) impact significantly the energy and moisture budgets. The dynamic structure of the atmosphere and consequently the moisture and mass convergence in the region are projected to be significantly different in 2050. The changes are more intense in the simulations with the combined effect of deforestation and greenhouse gas increase. In the deforestation scenario, a positive feedback is established in which changes in the regional circulation reduced the moisture convergence and precipitation in the region. In the increased greenhouse gas concentration scenario, with and without deforestation, a negative (positive) feedback is established in the rainy (dry) season in which the regional circulation changes (moisture convergence) are responsible for the reduction of precipitation. The results indicate that rapid destruction of the forest and the climate changes due to human activity can become irreversible, and that changes on hydrological cycle and perturbation in the complex relation between soil, plant and atmosphere can trigger significant changes in the ecosystems in the Amazon, once these systems do not present resilience or capacity to adapt to the magnitude of changes in the climate.Key words: Amazon basin, Deforestation, GHG Scenarios, IPCC-AR4, BRAMS. IMPACTOS NA COBERTURA VEGETAL E NAS MUDANÇAS DE CONCENTRAÇÃO DE GASES DE EFEITO ESTUFA (GEE) NO CICLO HIDROLÓGICO DA BACIA AMAZÔNICA: UM MODELO DE ESTUDO CLIMÁTICO REGIONAL RESUMO:O modelo regional BRAMS (Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System) acoplado ao esquema de vegetação dinâmica General Energy and Mass Transport Model (GEMTM) e cenários de usos da terra na Amazônia e de aumento na concentração dos gases do efeito estufa na atmosfera produzidos a partir das simulações climáticas do Modelo de Circulação Geral Community Climate System Model (CCSM3), do National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), são utilizados para avaliar os impactos no ciclo hidrológico da _________________Revista Brasileira de Climatologia_________________ ISSN: 1980-055x (Impressa) 2237 Ano 10 -Vol. 15 -JUL/DEZ 2014 8 bacia amazônica. A projeção de desflorestamento para o ano de 2050 e cenário de emissão dos gases do efeito estufa (A2) afetam de forma significativa os balanços de energia e de água, a estrutura dinâmica da atmosfera e, consequentemente, a convergência de umidade e massa na bacia. As mudanças são mais intensas na simulação que existe o efeito combinando do desflorestamento e aumento dos gases do efeito estufa. No cenário de desflorestamento, o m...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deforestation and Ghg Emissions Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Land Cover and Greenhouse Gas (Ghg) Concentration Changes on the Hydrological Cycle in Amazon Basin: A Regional Climate Model Study

Rocha¹,

Correia²,

Satyamurty³

et al. 2015

ABClima

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“…These resistances are obtained as a function of the morphology of vegetation, the soil type, the wind speed and the corresponding potential difference of temperature. Many parameters have been calibrated using measurements taken on forest and pasture sites in the Amazon region (Correia et al 2005), as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Ssib Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Correia et al (2005); (2) Nobre et al (1991); (3) Dorman and Sellers (1989); (4) Xue et al (1991) Fig. 1.…”

Section: Numerical Integrationsunclassified

Modeling the impacts of land cover change in Amazonia: a regional climate model (RCM) simulation study

Correia

Alvalá

Manzi

2007

Theor Appl Climatol

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SummaryThe numerical regional model (Eta) coupled with the Simplified Simple Biosphere Model (SSiB) was used to investigate the impact of land cover changes on the regional climate in Amazonia. Four 13-month integrations were performed for the following scenarios: (a) no deforestation, (b) current conditions, (c) deforestation predicted for 2033, and (d) large scale deforestation. All initial and prescribed boundary conditions were kept identical for all integrations, except the land cover changes. The results show that during the dry season the post-deforestation decrease in root depth plays an important role in the energy budget, since there is less soil moisture available for evapotranspiration. In all scenarios there was a significant increase in the surface temperature, from 2.0 C in the first scenario, up to 2.8 C in the last one. In both the scenarios (b) and (c), the downward component of the surface solar radiation decreased due to an increase in the cloud cover over the deforested areas, which contributed to a further reduction of the net radiation absorbed at the surface. The cloud mechanism, where an increase in albedo is balanced by an increase in downward solar radiation, was not detected in any of these scenarios. In scenarios (a), (b) and (c), a negative feedback mechanism was observed in the hydrological cycle, with greater amounts of moisture being carried to the deforested areas. The increase in moisture convergence was greater than the reduction in evapotranspiration for both scenarios (b) and (c). This result, and the meso-scale thermodynamic processes caused an increase in precipitation. A different situation was observed in the large-scale deforestation scenario (d): a local increase of moisture convergence was observed, but not sufficiently intense to generate an increase in precipitation; the local evapotranspiration decrease was dominant in this scenario. Therefore, the partial deforestation in Amazonia can actually lead to an increase in precipitation locally. However, if the deforestation increases, this condition becomes unsustainable, leading to drier conditions and, consequently, to reduced precipitation in the region.

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“…For the calibration procedure, we used a method that considers the minimization of the root mean square errors of the ratio E/(H+E), which was proposed by Sellers et al (1989) [3], and later used by other authors [4,5]. The off-line version of the SSiB model was used for the calibration process, to determine a set of parameters that represents well the processes of exchange between the surface and the atmosphere.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Ssib Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of the “Simplified Simple Biosphere Model—SSiB” for the Brazilian Northeast Caatinga

Cunha¹,

Alvalá²,

Correia³

et al. 2009

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The Brazilian Northeast region is covered largely by vegetation adapted to the arid conditions and with varied physiognomy, called caatinga. It occupies an extension of about 800.000 km 2 that corresponds to 70% of the region. In recent decades, considerable progress in understanding the micrometeorological processes has been reached, with results that were incorporated into soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer schemes (SVATS) to study the momentum, energy, water vapor, carbon cycle and vegetation dynamics changes of different ecosystems. Notwithstanding, the knowledge of the parameters and physical or physiological characteristics of the vegetation and soil of the caatinga region is very scarce. So, the objective of this work was performing a calibration of the parameters of the SSiB model for the Brazilian Northeast Caatinga. Micrometeorological and hydrological data collected from July 2004 to June 2005, obtained in the Agricultural Research Center of the Semi-Arid Tropic (CPATSA), were used. Preceding the calibration process, a sensibility study of the SSiB model was performed in order to find the parameters that are sensible to the exchange processes between the surface and atmosphere. The results showed that the B parameter, soil moisture potential at saturation (ψs), hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil (ks) and the volumetric moisture at saturation (θs) present high variations on turbulent fluxes. With the initial parameters, the SSiB model showed best results for net radiation, and the latent heat (sensible heat) flux was overestimated (under-estimated) for all simulation periods. Considering the calibrated parameters, better values of latent flux and sensible flux were obtained. The calibrated parameters were also used for a validation of the surface fluxes considering data from July 2005 to September 2005. The results showed that the model generated better estimations of latent heat and sensible heat fluxes, with low root mean square error. With better estimations of the turbulent fluxes, it was possible to obtain a more representative energy partitioning for the caatinga. Therefore, it is expected that from this calibrated SSiB model, coupled to the meteorological models, it will be possible to obtain more realistic climate and weather forecasts for the Brazilian Northeast region.

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Calibração do "simplified simple biosphere model - SSiB" para áreas de pastagem e floresta na Amazônia com dados do LBA

Abstract: RESUMO

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Impacts of Land Cover and Greenhouse Gas (Ghg) Concentration Changes on the Hydrological Cycle in Amazon Basin: A Regional Climate Model Study

Impacts of Land Cover and Greenhouse Gas (Ghg) Concentration Changes on the Hydrological Cycle in Amazon Basin: A Regional Climate Model Study

Modeling the impacts of land cover change in Amazonia: a regional climate model (RCM) simulation study

Calibration of the “Simplified Simple Biosphere Model—SSiB” for the Brazilian Northeast Caatinga

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