Oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae in healthy children from Taubaté (São Paulo), prior to the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination program in Brazil

Bricks, Lúcia Ferro; Mendes, Clayton Quirino; Lucarevschi, Bianca Rezende; Oplustil, Carmem; Zanella, Rosemeire Cobo; Bori, Adriana; Bertoli, Ciro João

doi:10.1590/s0041-87812004000500003

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…In our study the oropharyngeal Hib carrier rate in the children at day-care centres was 7.6%. This is similar to reports from other developing countries such as the Dominican Republic (7.7%) [10], Turkey (9%) [11], Brazil before vaccination (7.3%) [12], as well as remote areas of developed countries such as Alaska (5%-7%) [8]. This prevalence is higher than the Hib colonization rate in some developed countries before vaccination (2%-5%) [2,13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae type b in Iranian children

Karimi

Alborzi²,

Fahimzad³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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Healthy carriers of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) play an important role in the spread of invasive disease. The aim of this study was to assess the need for Hib vaccination in Iranian children by estimating the prevalence of Hib oropharyngeal colonization among children in Tehran. Cultures were prepared from oropharyngeal swabs of 1000 children in 25 day-care centres in Tehran from October 2005 to March 2006. The prevalence of Hib carriers was 7.6%, similar to other developing countries prior to inoculation with the conjugate Hib vaccine. We recommend Hib vaccination be included in the Iranian national programme of immunization. ‫ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻤﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻠﻌﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﲈﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﱠ‬

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae type b in Iranian children

Karimi

Alborzi²,

Fahimzad³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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“…pneumoniae population made up of "epidemic" strains, as well as a more heterogeneous population that is unique to each facility ( (Marchisio 2001, Fontanals 2000, Oguzkaya-Artan 2007, Akcakaya 2001, Stratchounski 2001, Peerbooms 2002, Masuda 2002, Dabernat 2003, Henriques Normark 2003, Sulikowska 2004, Bricks 2004, Kontiokari 2005, Zemlickova 2006, Torun 2007, Farjo 2004, da Silva and Marin 2001 Karimi 2009, da Silva 2001and Marin 2001, Akcakaya 2001, Bricks 2004, Bakir 2002. There is evidence that H. influenzae carriage is higher in the spring months than winter or fall (Marchisio 2001, Dabernat 2003, Sulikowska 2004.…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of S Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of β-lactam-producing organisms ranges from 0 to 44.5% of isolates in any given study conducted in child care attendees (Masuda 2002, Stratchounski 2001, Zemlickova 2006, Henriques Normark 2003, Neto 2003, Sa-Leao 2008, Dabernat 2003. Reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin and ampicillin ranges between 4.6 and 10.1%, and 5.5 and 7.3% of isolates, respectively (Zemlickova 2006, Peerbooms 2002, Marchisio 2001, Bricks 2004, Sulikowska 2004, Torun 2007.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In H Influenzaementioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus in Iowa child care facilities

Moritz¹

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a ubiquitous bacterium that has the potential to cause severe disease in children and adults. Asymptomatic carriage of S. aureus is an important risk factor for developing infection, as well as a key contributor to transmission. Carriage of respiratory bacteria (mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis) has been studied extensively in child care attendees. Prevalence of these pathogens and resistance rates among them vary widely, and the introduction of the pneumococcal vaccine has the potential to alter patterns of carriage in this population. Molecular characterization of bacteria in child care facilities, primarily of S. pneumoniae, has shown that each facility hosts its own bacteriological profile, but can also serve as a community reservoir for epidemic and internationally-recognized clones. Limitations in current research on this topic exist. The majority of data is cross-sectional with no comparison group, and there has been little research published since 2000 on child care employees, bacterial contamination of environmental surfaces, and bacteria causing diarrheal illness. Despite the fact that child care workers are at risk of infections, little research has focused on asymptomatic carriage in this occupational group. We collected samples from 110 employees, 81 children, and 214 surfaces at twelve child care facilities, as well as 111 age-and gender-matched adults not employed at child care centers. After adjusting for age, a household contact with a recent influenza-like illness, and a household contact with exposure to cattle, the odds ratio for S. aureus carriage in child care employees was 0.68 (95% CI 0.31-1.50, p-value 0.34). The odds of MRSA carriage was 3.28 times higher in child care employees than unexposed adults after adjusting for a history of TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.

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Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae among Brazilian children attending day care centers in the era of widespread Hib vaccination

Carvalho

Kipnis

Thörn

et al. 2011

Vaccine

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Oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae in healthy children from Taubaté (São Paulo), prior to the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination program in Brazil

Abstract: The low prevalence of colonization by penicillin-resistant strains indicates that it is not necessary to substitute ampicilin or amoxicilin to effectively treat otitis and sinusitis caused by H. influenzae in Taubaté.

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae type b in Iranian children

Prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae type b in Iranian children

Staphylococcus aureus in Iowa child care facilities

Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae among Brazilian children attending day care centers in the era of widespread Hib vaccination

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