Papilomavírus humano: prevalência e genótipos encontrados em mulheres HIV positivas e negativas, em um centro de referência no extremo Sul do Brasil

Abstract

INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar a presença do papilomavírus humano e verificar a prevalência e distribuição dos genótipos HPV-6, -11, -16 e -18 em mulheres HIV-1 positivas e negativas. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se amostras de secreção cervical de 98 mulheres por reação em cadeia da polimerase nested para presença do HPV e tipo-específica para detecção dos genótipos, sendo estes confirmados por análise dos fragmentos de restrição. Realizou-se os testes do qui-quadrado e Fisher para a análise estatística. RESULTADOS: O DNA-HPV foi observado em 66,3% das amostras analisadas, 76,4% no grupo HIV positivo e 60% no grupo HIV negativo (p=0,1). Uma prevalência maior de infecção viral por genótipos oncogênicos foi observada no grupo de pacientes HIV positivo (65,2%) quando comparado ao grupo HIV negativo (28,6%), (p=0,006), sendo HPV-16 foi o mais frequente nos dois grupos, seguido pelo HPV-18. CONCLUSÕES: Sugere-se que mulheres HIV positivas apresentam maior probabilidade de se infectar por genótipos oncogênicos de HPV, ressaltando a importância de um programa de rastreamento e diagnóstico diferenciado para este grupo.

HPV Infection and Cervical Abnormalities in HIV Positive Women in Different Regions of Brazil, a Middle-Income Country

“…In these regions, HIV+ women are has better follow-up statistics and correctly use the HAART, which seems to protect against the development of cervical lesions (Rocha-Brischiliari et al, 2014). The prevalence of low-grade cervical abnormalities is common in younger patients (Kurman et al, 2011), which is in agreement with these studies once the median age of HIV+ and HIV-women was below 35 years old (Entiauspe et al, 2010;Oliveira et al, 2010;Andrade et al, 2011;Melgaco et al, 2011;.…”

“…In the Southern, Southeast and Northeast regions, some studies compared cytological findings of HIV+ and HIV-women. In the Southern region, Entiauspe et al (2010) showed a higher rate of cytological abnormalities in HIV+ (61.3%) compared to HIV-women (8.4%). With regards to the cytological findings, ASC-US (7.9%), LSIL (27.1%) and HSIL (26.3%) were detected in HIV+ women, while in HIV-women, only ASC-US (4.2%) and LSIL (4.2%) were detected.…”

“…In the Southern region, Entiauspe et al (2010) showed that the HPV prevalence was similar between HIV+ and HIV-women (76.3% and 60.0%, respectively). The most frequent genotype in both groups was HPV-16; however, an overall greater frequency of oncogenic genotypes was observed in HIV+ (46.7%) compared with HIV-women (16.7%).…”

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the Pap test among women in northeastern Brazil

“…3 The etiology of cervical cancer is directly related to persistent infection of the uterine cervix with human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes that have a high oncogenic potential. 5,6 HPV infection is considered to be a necessary but insufficient cause of development of neoplasms or their precursor lesions, because viral deoxyribonucleic acid is present in 99.7% of cervical cancer cases. [7][8][9] Importantly, this malignant neoplasm is one of many cancers with great potential for prevention and cure.…”

Prognostic Evaluation of DNA Index in HIV-HPV Co-Infected Women Cervical Samples Attending in Reference Centers for HIV-AIDS in Recife

“…The presence of high-risk HPV contributes towards cervical lesions, especially CIN [2], [28], [29]. High-risk HPV types are closely associated with appearance and persistence of pre-neoplastic cervical lesions [1], [2], [30], given that the viral proteins E6 and E7 bind to and inhibit the action of the human proteins p53 and pRB, which control the cell cycle.…”