Ocorrência de triatomíneos em ambientes silvestres e domiciliares do município de Manaus, Estado do Amazonas

Abstract

A análise da distribuição de triatomíneos é essencial para a formulação de estratégias de controle da doença de Chagas na Região Amazônica. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se os resultados de capturas realizadas em ambientes silvestres e artificiais, em localidades rurais e urbanas de Manaus, Amazonas. Dos 115 triatomíneos coletados, 85 (73,9%) são da espécie Rhodnius pictipes, 25 (21,7%) de Rhodnius robustus e cinco (4,4%) de Panstrongylus geniculatus. A taxa de infecção natural por flagelados foi de 5,9% para Rhodnius pictipes e 8% para Rhodnius robustus. Nenhum exemplar de Panstrongylus geniculatus estava infectado. Todos os exemplares infectados eram oriundos de fragmentos de matas da zona urbana. Verificou-se que 106 (92,2%) triatomíneos foram coletados no ambiente silvestre e nove (7,8%) nas unidades domiciliares pela busca ativa. O gênero Rhodnius predominou nitidamente no ambiente silvestre. Os exemplares de Panstrongylus geniculatus, todos adultos, foram coletados no intradomicílio. Não foram encontrados indícios de colonização domiciliar por triatomíneos.

Occurrence of triatomines in an urban residential complex in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, South-Western Amazon

“…This percentage of infection is higher than that found in this study, showing the potential of these species as vectors for Chagas disease. Moreover, R. robustus and P. geniculatus were found invading residences in other locations of the Brazilian Amazon 6,12 , but in this research no domiciliation evidence was found. In addition, Rhodnius montenegrensis Rosa et al, 2012 has also been found in houses in a rural area 13 , and its natural infection by T. rangeli, which was observed in this study, has also been confi rmed 10 .…”

“…In the Amazon region, domiciliation is not common, but the number of triatomine intrusion records is increasing among households in urban and peri-urban areas 6 . Therefore, this study attempted to describe the occurrence of triatomine species and their positivity for trypanosomatids in an urban residential complex in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.…”

Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi samples derived from Triatoma vitticeps and Panstrongylus geniculatus of the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil

“…This species is correlated with the enzootic cycle and the transmission of CD in Venezuela and Colombia [ 9 , 11 , 18 , 23 ]. In Brazil, the species is found in Bahia and in the Amazon region [ 19 , 51 , 54 , 67 , 68 ]. Notably, natural T. cruzi infection by P. geniculatus has previously been identified only in the Amazon region [ 51 ]; the current finding of 33 P. geniculatus specimens from ES state is the first report in the Atlantic rainforest region.…”

Intrusive versus domiciliated triatomines and the challenge of adapting vector control practices against Chagas disease

“…It is commonly considered as a sylvatic species frequently flying to human habitations, probably attracted by light ( Lent & Wygodzinsky 1979 ). The intrusion of adult bugs is well documented and collections of only adult specimens inside dwellings have been reported in different areas (particularly in the Amazon Basin, but not only) in Venezuela ( Serrano et al 2008 , Reyes-Lugo 2009) , Colombia ( Angulo et al 2012) , Brazil ( Naiff et al 1998 , Fe et al 2009 , Maeda et al 2012) , Peru ( Cáceres et al 2002 , Torres & Cabrera 2010) , Bolivia ( Depickère et al 2011, 2012) , 2012 ) and Argentina ( Damborsky et al 2001) . The main factors that cause P. geniculatus to increasingly invade human dwellings seem to be the devastation of the primary forests (for example for the construction of human dwellings), overhunting and burning of forests, all of which destroying the triatomines’ natural habitat and causing them to seek alternative shelter and hosts ( Valente 1999) .…”