Salmonelose septicêmica prolongada associada à esquistossomose: evolução do conhecimento e mecanismos imunopatogênicos

Muniz‐Junqueira, Maria Imaculada; Tosta, Carlos Eduardo; Prata, Áluízio

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822009000400015

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…These healed lesions may be totally asymptomatic, though secondary bacterial infection usually supervenes due to urological instrumentation, leading to chronic cystitis. In certain endemic areas, salmonella organisms are notorious causes of resistant secondary bacterial cystitis [4] , owing to the known symbiotic association between schistosomes and certain salmonella strains [5] .…”

Section: Fibrotic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Schistosomiasis: Review

Barsoum

2013

Journal of Advanced Research

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In this review, the clinical manifestations of urinary schistosomiasis are displayed from a pathogenetic perspective. According to the prevailing host’s immune response profile, urinary schistosomiasis may be broadly categorized into cell-mediated and immune-complex-mediated disorders. The former, usually due to Schistosoma haematobium infection, are attributed to the formation of granulomata along the entire urinary tract. As they heal with excessive fibrosis, they may lead to strictures, calcifications and urodynamic abnormalities. The main impact is lower urinary, the site of heaviest ovi-position. Secondary bacterial or viral infection is common, any may be incriminated in secondary stone formation of the development of bladder malignancy. Immune-complex mediated lesions are usually associated with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni infection. Circulating complexes composed of schistosomal gut antigens and different classes of immunoglobulins deposit in the kidneys leading to several patterns of glomerular pathology. The latter have been categorized under six classes based on the histological and immunofluorescence profile. These classes have been linked to respective clinical manifestations and depend on the stage of evolution of the host’s immune response, extent of associated hepatic fibrosis and co-infection with salmonella or hepatitis C. Secondary amyloidosis develops in 15% of such patients, representing a critical impairment of macrophage function. Conclusion: The wide clinicopathological spectrum of urinary schistosomiasis mirrors the evolution of the host’s immune response according to chronicity of infection, bacterial or viral co-infection and, in the case of glomerulonephritis, to the extent of hepatic co-morbidity.

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Section: Fibrotic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Schistosomiasis: Review

Barsoum

2013

Journal of Advanced Research

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“…Another study demonstrated that the host’s commensal bacteria during infection by S. mansoni played an important role in the formation of intestinal granulomas and specific immune responses of schistosomiasis, which may influence the excretion of eggs ( Barnhill et al, 2011 ). There are a few case reports related to septicemia, which demonstrated the coinfection with gut bacteria and S. mansoni ( Muniz-Junqueira, Tosta & Prata, 2009 ; Barnhill et al, 2011 ; Hsiao et al, 2016 ). Once in circulation, these gut bacteria reach the adult worms of S. mansoni present in mesenteric veins and colonize the cecum of the parasite ( Muniz-Junqueira, Tosta & Prata, 2009 ).…”

Section: Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a few case reports related to septicemia, which demonstrated the coinfection with gut bacteria and S. mansoni ( Muniz-Junqueira, Tosta & Prata, 2009 ; Barnhill et al, 2011 ; Hsiao et al, 2016 ). Once in circulation, these gut bacteria reach the adult worms of S. mansoni present in mesenteric veins and colonize the cecum of the parasite ( Muniz-Junqueira, Tosta & Prata, 2009 ). The association of bacteria with S. mansoni enables prolonged bacterial infections, the development of antibiotics resistance, and the ineffective treatment of both infections ( Barnhill et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Unbalanced relationships: insights into the interaction between gut microbiota, geohelminths, and schistosomiasis

Araújo

Sato

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Hosts and their microbiota and parasites have co-evolved in an adaptative relationship since ancient times. The interaction between parasites and intestinal bacteria in terms of the hosts’ health is currently a subject of great research interest. Therapeutic interventions can include manipulations of the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which have immunological interactions important for modulating the host’s immune system and for reducing inflammation. Most helminths are intestinal parasites; the intestinal environment provides complex interactions with other microorganisms in which internal and external factors can influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Moreover, helminths and intestinal microorganisms can modulate the host’s immune system either beneficially or harmfully. The immune response can be reduced due to co-infection, and bacteria from the intestinal microbiota can translocate to other organs. In this way, the treatment can be compromised, which, together with drug resistance by the parasites makes healing even more difficult. Thus, this work aimed to understand interactions between the microbiota and parasitic diseases caused by the most important geohelminths and schistosomiasis and the consequences of these associations.

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“…Co-infection of Schistosoma mansoni and S. enterica are very common in endemic areas in Africa and South-East Asia. Some patients co-infected with schistosomes and Salmonella develop a so-called “chronic septicemic salmonellosis,” with prolonged fever and enlargement of the liver and spleen ( 2 , 3 ). Co-infected animals have greater bacteremia and more persistent local systemic infection in the liver and spleen compared to Salmonella -only infected animals ( 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosome Eggs Impair Protective Th1/Th17 Immune Responses Against Salmonella Infection

et al. 2018

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Countries with a high incidence of helminth infections are characterized by high morbidity and mortality to infections with intracellular pathogens such as Salmonella. Some patients with Salmonella-Schistosoma co-infections develop a so-called “chronic septicemic salmonellosis,” with prolonged fever and enlargement of the liver and spleen. These effects are most likely due to the overall immunoregulatory activities of schistosomes such as induction of Tregs, Bregs, alternatively activated macrophages, and degradation of antibodies. However, detailed underlying mechanisms are not very well investigated. Here, we show that intraperitoneal application of live Schistosoma mansoni eggs prior to infection with Salmonella Typhimurium in mice leads to an impairment of IFN-γ and IL-17 responses together with a higher bacterial load compared to Salmonella infection alone. S. mansoni eggs were found in granulomas in the visceral peritoneum attached to the colon. Immunohistological staining revealed IPSE/alpha-1, a glycoprotein secreted from live schistosome eggs, and recruited basophils around the eggs. Noteworthy, IPSE/alpha-1 is known to trigger IL-4 and IL-13 release from basophils which in turn is known to suppress Th1/Th17 responses. Therefore, our data support a mechanism of how schistosomes impair a protective immune response against Salmonella infection and increase our understanding of helminth-bacterial co-infections.

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Salmonelose septicêmica prolongada associada à esquistossomose: evolução do conhecimento e mecanismos imunopatogênicos

Cited by 12 publications

References 96 publications

Urinary Schistosomiasis: Review

Urinary Schistosomiasis: Review

Unbalanced relationships: insights into the interaction between gut microbiota, geohelminths, and schistosomiasis

Schistosome Eggs Impair Protective Th1/Th17 Immune Responses Against Salmonella Infection

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