Leishmaniose tegumentar americana no Litoral Norte Paulista, período 1993 a 2005

Abstract

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 41(6):635-641, nov-dez, 2008 ARTIGO/ARTICLEA leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) apresentase como importante problema de saúde pública pela ampla distribuição geográfica, elevada incidência, manifestações clínicas graves que podem causar lesões e mutilações severas e permanentes. Além disso, os diferentes padrões epidemiológicos que apresenta, em função das espécies vetoras, reservatórios, agentes etiológicos e interação do homem nesta biocenose, dificultam a elaboração de um programa de controle eficaz 6 .A transmissão das leishmanioses é influenciada freqüentemente por fatores ambientais, demográficos, comportamento humano e ABSTRAcTAmerican cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired epidemic characteristics on the northern coastline of the State of São Paulo beginning in the 1990s. From secondary data, a descriptive study of the disease in the four municipalities making up this region over the period from 1993 to 2005 was conducted. The frequency of phlebotomine capture in the probable transmission locations was analyzed. 689 autochthonous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were notified, with single and grouped cases, thus determining that the spatial distribution was heterogenous. There was synchronism and cyclicity of disease manifestation, at intervals of six to eight years. All ages were affected, with slight predominance among males, without association with any specific occupation. Among the 2,758 phlebotomines captured, Nyssomyia intermedia predominated (80.4%) inside homes and in areas surrounding them. The disease presented a transmission profile inside homes and in areas surrounding them, between the urban fringe and forests, and inside forests. In such cases, transmission would be more related to enzootic foci.

Clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic characteristics of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the 15 th State Health Division, Northwest Paraná State, Southern Brazil

“…In Brazil, the Ministry of Health estimates that 3-5% of cutaneous cases develop into mucosal forms (13) . In Western São Paulo State, 4.9% of cases with mucosal involvement (20) were reported from 1998 to 2011, and on the Northern coastline, 1.6% of cases with mucocutaneous involvement were reported from 1993 to 2005 (25) . In fact, from 1988 to 2008, of 1209 patients with ATL in Bahia State, 4.3% were found to have mucosal involvement (9) .…”

Description of the female of Evandromyia rupicola (Martins, Godoy & Silva) with a review of the rupicola series (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

“…Evandromyia correalimai is the species with the widest known distribution, including interior areas of the Southeastern (Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010 and Southern regions (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008. Evandromyia rupicola is restricted to the Southeastern region, in the mountainous region of eastern Minas Gerais state (Mayrink et al 1979), Rio de Janeiro state (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and in the coastal area of São Paulo state (Condino 2007). Evandromyia gaucha and E. grimaldii, known only from their type-localities, the southeastern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and the coastal range in the southeast of the Espírito Santo state, respectively (Andrade et al 2007(Andrade et al , 2009).…”

“…(Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010, PARANÁ state (Apucarana, Arapongas, Borrazópolis, Bandeirantes, Curitiba, Doutor Camargo, Jacarezinho, Jussara, Londrina and Marumbi municipalities (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008 and RIO GRANDE DO SUL (Derrubadas and Tenente Portela municipalities) (Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999. Evandromyia rupicola: MINAS GERAIS -Caratinga municipality (Mayrink et al 1979), RIO DE JANEIRO state -Magé, Petrópolis, Resende/Itatiaia municipalities (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and SÃO PAULO state -Ilhabela and Ubatuba municipalities (Condino 2007 …”

“…The notification of cases of leishmaniasis at the Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo in the municipalities of the northern coast of this state, has led the Superintendência de Controle de Endemias do Estado de São Paulo (SUCEN) to undertake captures of sandflies in these areas for the identification of the probable sites of infection (Condino 2007). Several specimens of Evandromyia rupicola (Martins et al 1962), including females, which had not been previously described, were found among the phlebotomines captured.…”

Association between HLA-C*04 and American cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic region of southern Brazil

“…Depending on the species of Leishmania, the immunological status, and genetic make up of the host, the infection can result in four different clinical manifestations: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), diffuse CL, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (Rey, 2008;Condino et al, 2008;Brasil, 2015).…”