DETECTION OF VIRULENCE GENES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRAINS OF Vibrio cholerae FROM ESTUARIES IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Menezes, Francisca Gleire Rodrigues de; Neves, Samya de Araújo; Sousa, Oscarina Viana de; Vila-Nova, Candida Machado Vieira Maia; Maggioni, Rodrigo; Theophilo, Grace Nazareth Diogo; Hofer, Ernesto; Vieira, Regine Helena Silva dos Fernandes

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652014000500010

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…The ompW gene is a gene encoding virulence factor associated with the adaptability of V. cholerae in certain environments and is often used as a marker of specific species of V. cholerae (Nandi et al, 2000;Tamrakar et al, 2007;de Menezes et al, 2014). Detection of the presence of ompW gene is a confirmation of previous biochemical tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia

2019

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Contamination of pathogenic bacteria in food can lead to the emergence of foodborne disease. One of foodborne disease which often occurs in some developing countries such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America is cholera which is caused by Vibrio cholerae. The disease is transmitted through beverages and food, especially contaminated seafood. V. cholerae has several virulence factors including the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin (ctx).The ompW acts as a protective barrier and can also be used as a marker specific species of V. cholerae and cholerae toxin is an enterotoxin responsible for the incidence of diarrhea in a cholera outbreak produced by pathogenic V. cholerae. This study was an observational study to determine the level of contamination of V. cholerae by detecting the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin subunit A (ctxA) gene of V. cholerae in shrimp and shellfish sold at Kedonganan fish market. Samples were taken using total sampling technique and obtained 24 samples consisting of 14 shrimp samples and 10 shellfish samples. Samples were examined using culture methods and biochemical tests, and then further tested using Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) to detect ompW and ctxA gene. The dPCR assay results showed 8 out of 14 (57.1%) samples from shrimp and 1 out of 10 (10%) samples from the shellfish positive carried ompW gene, and found no positive samples carrying the ctxA gene in samples derived from shrimp and shellfish. Chi square test analysis results indicated contamination of V. cholerae in shrimp was higher than shellfish based on ompW gene (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market are contaminated by V. cholerae. Further research is needed to detect the virulence factors besides ompW and ctxA of V. cholerae in seafood.<pre> </pre>Keywords: Foodborne disease, Vibrio cholerae, ompW gene, ctxA gene, and Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia

2019

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“…The main aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of V. cholerae VAGs in environmental samples collected from riverbed sediments of the Apies River. Several studies have shown that V. cholerae is present in many aquatic environments, but only a few have reported on the presence of V. cholerae VAGs within riverbed sediments [ 41 – 43 ]. In many developing countries and Sub-Saharan African countries in particular, information on the presence of V. cholerae strains carrying virulence gene in riverbed sediments is virtually nonexistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverbed Sediments as Reservoirs of MultipleVibrio choleraeVirulence-Associated Genes: A Potential Trigger for Cholera Outbreaks in Developing Countries

Abia

Ubomba-Jaswa

Momba

2017

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Africa remains the most cholera stricken continent in the world as many people lacking access to safe drinking water rely mostly on polluted rivers as their main water sources. However, studies in these countries investigating the presence of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic environments have paid little attention to bed sediments. Also, information on the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) in environmental ctx-negative V. cholerae strains in this region is lacking. Thus, we investigated the presence of V. cholerae VAGs in water and riverbed sediment of the Apies River, South Africa. Altogether, 120 samples (60 water and 60 sediment samples) collected from ten sites on the river (January and February 2014) were analysed using PCR. Of the 120 samples, 37 sediment and 31 water samples were positive for at least one of the genes investigated. The haemolysin gene (hlyA) was the most isolated gene. The cholera toxin (ctxAB) and non-O1 heat-stable (stn/sto) genes were not detected. Genes were frequently detected at sites influenced by human activities. Thus, identification of V. cholerae VAGs in sediments suggests the possible presence of V. cholerae and identifies sediments of the Apies River as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic V. cholerae with possible public health implications.

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“…DNA was extracted from the V. cholerae isolates using spherolyse extraction kit (Hain Lifescience, Germany). The CtxAB and Tcp primer sequences and PCR optimizations were adopted from protocols described [ 7 ] and SXT primers and PCR optimizations adopted were also described earlier [ 8 ]. All PCR primers were obtained from Intergrated DNA Technologies (USA).…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of highly virulent multidrug resistant Vibrio cholerae isolated from a large cholera outbreak in Ghana

Feglo

Sewurah

2018

BMC Res Notes

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the virulent factors of Vibrio cholerae which caused an unprecedented large cholera outbreak in Ghana in 2014 and progressed into 2015, affected 28,975 people with 243 deaths.ResultsThe V. cholerae isolates were identified to be the classical V. cholerae 01 biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa, responsible for the large cholera outbreak in Ghana. These El Tor strains bear CtxAB and Tcp virulent genes, making the strains highly virulent. The strains also bear SXT transmissible element coding their resistance to antibiotics, causing high proportions of the strains to be multidrug resistant, with resistant proportions of 95, 90 and 75% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin and ceftriaxone respectively. PFGE patterns indicated that the isolates clustered together with the same pattern and showed clusters similar to strains circulating in DR Congo, Cameroun, Ivory Coast and Togo. The strains carried virulence genes which facilitated the disease causation and spread. This is the first time these virulent genes were determined on the Ghanaian Vibrio strains.

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DETECTION OF VIRULENCE GENES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRAINS OF Vibrio cholerae FROM ESTUARIES IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia

Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia

Riverbed Sediments as Reservoirs of MultipleVibrio choleraeVirulence-Associated Genes: A Potential Trigger for Cholera Outbreaks in Developing Countries

Characterization of highly virulent multidrug resistant Vibrio cholerae isolated from a large cholera outbreak in Ghana

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