Induction of phagocytic activity and nitric-oxide production in natural populations of Trypanosoma Cruzi I and II from the state of Paraná, Brazil

Zalloum, Leila; Lala, Eliane Raquel Peres; Moreira, Neide Martins; Silveira, Thaís Gomes Verzignassi; Dalalio, Márcia Machado de Oliveira; Toledo, Max Jean de Ornelas; Gomes, Mônica Lúcia; Araújo, Silvana Márques de

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652011000500002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Zalloum etal. ( 72 ) demonstrated that T. cruzi could suppress NO release in BALB/c peritoneal macrophages. Depending on the strain, this effect was only seen in cells in contact with trypomastigotes on supernatants, so the release of trypomastigotes by an infected cell could cause downstream signaling to reduce NO production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 activities in THP-1 derived macrophages infected with two Trypanosoma cruzi strains

Oliveira

Bonturi²,

Salu³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative protozoan of Chagas’ Disease, a neglected tropical disease that affects 6−7 million people worldwide. Interaction of the parasite with the host immune system is a key factor in disease progression and chronic symptoms. Although the human immune system is capable of controlling the disease, the parasite has numerous evasion mechanisms that aim to maintain intracellular persistence and survival. Due to the pronounced genetic variability of T. cruzi, co-infections or mixed infections with more than one parasite strain have been reported in the literature. The intermodulation in such cases is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the co-infection of T. cruzi strains G and CL compared to their individual infections in human macrophages derived from THP-1 cells activated by classical or alternative pathways. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that trypomastigotes were more infective than extracellular amastigotes (EAs) and that strain G could infect more macrophages than strain CL. Classically activated macrophages showed lower number of infected cells and IL-4-stimulated cells displayed increased CL-infected macrophages. However, co-infection was a rare event. CL EAs decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas G trypomastigotes displayed increased ROS detection in classically activated cells. Co-infection did not affect ROS production. Monoinfection by strain G or CL mainly induced an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile by decreasing inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β) and/or increasing IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β. Co-infection led to a predominant inflammatory milieu, with reduced IL-10 and TGF-β, and/or promotion of IFN-γ and IL-1β release. Infection by strain G reduced activation of intracellular signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) factors. In EAs, monoinfections impaired STAT-1 activity and promoted phosphorylation of STAT-3, both changes may prolong cell survival. Coinfected macrophages displayed pronounced activation of all STATs examined. These activations likely promoted parasite persistence and survival of infected cells. The collective results demonstrate that although macrophages respond to both strains, T. cruzi can modulate the intracellular environment, inducing different responses depending on the strain, parasite infective form, and co-infection or monoinfection. The modulation influences parasite persistence and survival of infected cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 activities in THP-1 derived macrophages infected with two Trypanosoma cruzi strains

Oliveira

Bonturi²,

Salu³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Non-adherent cells were removed by washing the monolayers with RPMI medium. Infected macrophages were maintained in RPMI 1640 with 5% fetal calf serum at 37 ºC in a 5% CO2 incubator for 20 h. The absorbance was determined in a spectrophotometer at 600nm, as described (10).…”

Section: Phagocytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of cellular immune responses to the Internalin B protein extracted from Listeria monocytogenes in Mice

Essa,

Mahdi,

Abdalla

2013

Kufa Jou. Vete. Med. Sci.

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This study was carried out to investigate the immunological activity of internalin B (InLB) protein which extracted from the cell wall of Listeria monocytogenes. Immunological activity was determined in vitro by the phagocytic activity assay and in vivo by bacterial clearance test in ninety six male white Swiss BALB/C mice were divided into five equal groups, G1 intrapertonailly injected with 0.5ml of InLB 50µg/ml;G2 intrapertonailly injected with 0.5ml of InLB 50µg/ml and inoculated with 1.2×103CFU/ml of L. monocytogenes.; G3 intrapertonailly injected with 0.5ml of InLB 50µg/ml followed by L. monocytogenes 24 hours later; G4 intrapertonailly injected with1.2×103CFU/ml L. monocytogenes a positive control; G5 intrapertonailly injected with 0.5ml of PBS a negative control, The results of the in vitro study showed the InLB at 50µg/ml induce the phagocytic activity by increase the Nitric oxide (NO) production as compared with Phytohemagglutinin-p (PHA); the results of the in vivo study was carried for 2weeks; at 4,8and 12days bacterial clearance assay; tissue of the internal organs (liver) of the G3 showed decrease in number of the bacteria at 12days (6×10-2 CFU) as compared to G2 and G4 (2×10-3CFU and 1.8×10-4CFU) respectively.The result presented in this study contribute for the first time in Iraq; that internalin B given intrapertonailly injection in mice for 12 days improves the immune responses by decreasing the bacterial number in liver tissue.

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The Cellular Immunoprotection of BALB/C mice vaccinated with Salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and Immunoadjuvant βeta-glucan challenged with Brucella abortus Virulent Strain

Mahdi

2015

Iraqi J. Vet. Med.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the cellular immune responses of salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens with immunoadjuvant soluble βeta-glucan in BALB/C mice later challenged with B. abortus virulent strain. The 0.72mg/ml of SEBA was used according to the results obtained from experiment to determine the macrophages Nitric oxide production and delayed type hypersensitivity test. One hundred BALB/C mice were divided into four groups. G1 were injected i.p with 0.2 ml of saline, G2 were vaccinated S.C with 0.1ml (108 CFU/mouse) of B. abortus S19, G3 were vaccinated i.p. with 0.2 ml of salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and G4 were vaccinated i.p. with 0.2 ml of salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and 0.2ml βeta glucan. At 27 days after immunization the delayed type hypersensitivity test was conducted with the significant (P<0.05) an increase in the foot pad thickness of the G4 as compared to G3, G2 and G1. At day 30 of immunization all remaining mice were i.p. challenged with 0.2ml of 1x104 CFU/ml B. abortus virulent strain. The log10 CFU/spleen count was demonstrated at day 7 and 14 after challenge; G2, G3 and G4 recorded low bacterial count with a significant difference (P<0.01) as compared to the control. In conclusion, this study indicated that immunized mice with salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and β-glucan were effective vaccine, the activated innate immunity was an important key to activate the protective Th1 responses through a significant decrease in the bacterial splenic count after challenge.

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Induction of phagocytic activity and nitric-oxide production in natural populations of Trypanosoma Cruzi I and II from the state of Paraná, Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Modulation of STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 activities in THP-1 derived macrophages infected with two Trypanosoma cruzi strains

Modulation of STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 activities in THP-1 derived macrophages infected with two Trypanosoma cruzi strains

Study of cellular immune responses to the Internalin B protein extracted from Listeria monocytogenes in Mice

The Cellular Immunoprotection of BALB/C mice vaccinated with Salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and Immunoadjuvant βeta-glucan challenged with Brucella abortus Virulent Strain

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