Analysis of the clonal relationship among clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis by different typing methods

Merino, Luis Antonio; Ronconi, María Cristina; Navia, Margarita M.; Ruiz, Joaquı́m; Sierra, Josep M.; Cech, Norma B.; Lodeiro, Norma S.; Vila, Jordi

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652003000300001

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There is a second report, from Brazil in 1999, of a nosocomial outbreak in a neonatal unit caused by ESBL-producing Salmonella serotype Infantis (12). Salmonella serotype Infantis has been the second-most-common serotype in Argentina in recent years, being isolated mostly from hospitalized pediatric patients (8). Data presented in our study document the first description of a Salmonella isolate from Central America producing four ␤-lactamases.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 51%

Pediatric Infection Due to Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Infantis in Honduras

Liébana

Batchelor²,

Torres

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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We report the case of a pediatric patient with a Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis infection. Detailed microbiological investigation revealed that this isolate carries four ␤-lactamase genes (bla TEM-1b variant, bla SHV-5 , bla CTX-M-15 , and bla CMY-2 ) conferring resistance to all ␤-lactams but imipenem. This is the first report of a Salmonella isolate with CTX-M and AmpC enzymes on the American continent, the first report of bla CMY-2 in Salmonella serotype Infantis, and the first report of bla CTX-M-15 in the genus Salmonella. CASE REPORTIn August 2002, an 18-month-old infant male with a clinical syndrome indicating an enteritis-like infection was admitted to the Santa Teresa Hospital in Comaguaya (Honduras). The patient, whose symptoms began 3 days before admission, presented with a fever up to 40°C, mucous bloody diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. His urine was cloudy, with a pH of 5, and laboratory analysis showed elevated numbers of red blood cells (4/field), white blood cells (6/field), and granular casts (6/field). Laboratory analysis of fecal samples revealed the presence of erythrocytes (4/field) and neutrophils (15/field). Because of limited resources available at the hospital, no microbiological techniques were performed on these samples. An empirical treatment without a confirmatory microbiological diagnosis was immediately initiated with intravenous amikacin (50 mg every 12 h) and intravenous ceftriaxone (350 mg every 12 h) and continued for 9 days. Oral anti-inflammatory drugs (acetaminophen) to control pain and fever were also administered, and the patient was rehydrated intravenously as required. The condition of the patient improved (fever decreased to normal temperature values, and vomiting and diarrhea ceased), and he was discharged from the hospital. Two weeks later, the patient returned with a relapse of the symptoms and severe malnutrition. A second empirical treatment consisting of intravenous amikacin (40 mg every 12 h) and cefoxitin (250 mg every 6 h) was administered for 9 days. At the time of the second admission, urine and stool samples were collected and sent to the Laboratorio Central de Microbiologia in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, for microbiological analysis. Both samples were confirmed, by following standard methods, as positive for the isolation of Salmonella sp. (preenrichment of the sample in tetrathionate broth, followed by plating on Taylor's xylose lysine deoxycholate agar). The laboratory values for the hemogram were 3.18 million red blood cells/mm 3 , 8,800 white blood cells/mm 3 , 2,200 lymphocytes/mm 3 , 165,000 platelets/mm 3 , a hematocrit of 21.9%, a hemoglobin concentration of 7.6 g/dl, a mean corpuscular hemoglobin level of 23.9 pg, a mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 34.7 g/dl, and a mean corpuscular volume of 69 fl. All of these values were consistent with a loss of blood and reflected the presence of anemia in the patient. Screening for human immunodeficiency virus by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was negative. The isolates were tested for antimicro...

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 51%

Pediatric Infection Due to Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Infantis in Honduras

Liébana

Batchelor²,

Torres

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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“…It is well established on poultry farms with a tendency of clonal spread of the multidrug resistance phenotype. Clonal spread of Salmonella Infantis in poultry and poultry meat was reported in Japan (Shahada et al, 2006), Hungary (Nógrády et al, 2007), Israel (Gal-Mor et al, 2010), Italy (Dionisi et al, 2011), Germany (Hauser et al, 2012), Serbia (Rašeta et al, 2014;Velhner et al, 2014) but also in humans in Argentina (Merino et al, 2003) and Brazil (Fonseca et al, 2006). All these clonal strains were resistant to three or more antimicrobials except for Serbia, where the predominant resistance phenotype was nalidixic acid (NAL) / tetracycline (TET), while an approximate 30% of the isolates was showing resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP), with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of > 1mg/L (Velhner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salmonella spp. in poultry: a constant challenge and new insights

Velhner

Milanov

Kozoderović

2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT. The knowledge about virulence mechanisms, resistance to antimicrobial agents and the biofilm formation ability of Salmonella spp. in poultry industry has been expanded over the years. However, in spite of the research efforts and significant investments to improve management systems in poultry industry, it has become evident that none of the methods applied in all stages of food production chain are 100% effective in eliminating Salmonella spp. Different serovars are manifesting different mechanisms of invasiveness which depend on their ability to invade lower zones of the lamina propria, their ability to gain accesses to parenchymatous organs and survive in macrophages. The ubiquitous nature of Salmonella spp. due to their adaptation to animal and plant hosts, as well as their survival in hostile environments and their enhanced capacity to produce biofilms, contribute to a long lasting contamination of the environment, feed and animals. The emergency and spread of antimicrobial resistances in Salmonella spp. raise additional concerns.

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“…Although molecular methods are adequately distinctive in classifying Salmonella serotypes into subspecies in epidemiological studies, very few molecular studies have been conducted in Turkey. Among the molecular-based techniques used recently, plasmid profile analysis [10], [11], random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) [11], repetitive extragenic palindromic sequences analysis by PCR (rep-PCR) [12], and pulsed–field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) [10], [13], [14] are commonly used. Chromosomal fingerprinting by means of pulsed–field gel electrophoresis is considered as a gold standard method for subtyping and the most reliable among molecular techniques [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid Profile and Pulsed–Field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Humans in Turkey

Özdemir

Acar²

2014

PLoS ONE

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This study was conducted for typing Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica strains in Turkey using pulsed–field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and plasmid DNA profile analysis. Fourty-two strains were isolated from clinical samples obtained from unrelated patients with acute diarrhea. The samples were collected from state hospitals and public health laboratories located at seven provinces in different regions of Turkey at different times between 2004 and 2010. The strains were determined to belong to 4 different serovars. The Salmonella enterica strains belonged to the serovars Salmonella Enteritidis (n = 23), Salmonella Infantis (n = 14), Salmonella Munchen (n = 2), and Salmonella Typhi (n = 3). Forty-two Salmonella enterica strains were typed with PFGE methods using XbaI restriction enzyme and plasmid analysis. At the end of typing, 11 different PFGE band profiles were obtained. Four different PFGE profiles (type 1, 4, 9, and 10) were found among serotype S. Enteritidis species, 3 different PFGE profiles (type 3, 5, 6) were found among S. Infantis species, 2 different PFGE profiles were found among S. Typhi species (type 2 and 11), and 2 different PFGE profiles were found among S. Munchen species (type 7, 8). The UPGMA dendrogram was built on the PFGE profiles. In this study, it was determined that 4 strains of 42 Salmonella enterica strains possess no plasmid, while the isolates have 1–3 plasmids ranging from 5.0 to 150 kb and making 12 different plasmid profiles (P1–P12). In this study, we have applied the analysis of the PFGE patterns and used bioinformatics methods to identify both inter and intra serotype relationships of 4 frequently encountered serotypes for the first time in Turkey.

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Analysis of the clonal relationship among clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis by different typing methods

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Pediatric Infection Due to Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Infantis in Honduras

Pediatric Infection Due to Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Infantis in Honduras

Salmonella spp. in poultry: a constant challenge and new insights

Plasmid Profile and Pulsed–Field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Humans in Turkey

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