Padrões de violência domiciliar associada ao uso de álcool no Brasil

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To describe situations of domestic violence committed by perpetrators under the influence of alcohol in the largest Brazilian cities. METHODS:A household survey was carried out in the 108 Brazilian cities with more than 200,000 inhabitants in 2005. A multistage probabilistic self-weighted sample stratified in terms of conglomerate units was performed in three selection stages: census tracts, households, and respondents (population between 12 and 65 years old). The instrument to collect the data was the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, with questions on sociodemographics and psychotropic drug abuse.. RESULTS:The survey encompassed 7,939 households. In 33.5% of them there were reports of domestic violence, 17.1% out of which involving intoxicated perpetrators. The most frequently reported types of violence associated with the use of alcohol were: arguments among the people in the household (81,8%), loud arguments not aimed at a specific person (70.9%), threats of assault (39.5%), and breaking households objects (38.7%). The respondents also reported physical assault (27.8%), physical assault with weapon (5.5%), and sexual abuse (3.2%). More than half of perpetrators lived in the household and 88.8% were male. Most of the victims were female (63.9%); 33.9% were wives and 18.2% were children. In terms of recidivism, 14.1% of the cases lasted for a period between 1 and 5 years, and in 14.3% they lasted for over a decade. Most of the victims (86%) and perpetrators (77.9%) did not look for the help of either the health services or the police. CONCLUSIONS:In addition to the considerable number of Brazilian households with a history of violence involving intoxicated abusers, this kind of abuse has many specific characteristics. The low rate for the search for help at the health services/police stations point to the importance of actively identifying cases of domestic violence.

Padrão de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas entre os trabalhadores e perfil socioeconômico

“…The consequences of this violence result in loss of control, denial, minimization and a cycle of progressive increase, followed by contrition and promises of change, affecting the aggressor's family and professional life. (16) There is no doubt as to the need to apply more effective prevention measures in the companies, including investments in better conditions in the work environment. Unfortunately, however, the sociocultural aspects stimulate the addiction and make it difficult for the workers to adhere to the treatment programs.…”

Perfil epidemiológico do atendimento por violência nos serviços públicos de urgência e emergência em capitais brasileiras, Viva 2014

“…The association between consumption of alcohol and domestic violence has been observed in surveys carried out in various countries 36 . A study involving some cities of Latin America, including Salvador and Rio de Janeiro, shows that 68% of those that committed aggressions consumed alcohol before attacking their female partners 37 .…”

Prevalência e fatores associados à violência entre parceiros íntimos após a revelação do diagnóstico de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis ao parceiro

“…A bebida alcoólica contribui para as práticas de violência por parceiro íntimo 17 e aumenta a ocorrência e gravidade da violência domés-tica 18,19 . Neste estudo, encontrou-se que pessoas que fazem uso de álcool têm duas vezes mais chances de praticar violência por parceiro íntimo após a revelação do diagnóstico de DST.…”

“…O álco-ol reduz o autocontrole, afeta o funcionamento cognitivo e físico 20 , o que pode reduzir a capacidade do indivíduo para a resolução dos conflitos do relacionamento de forma não violenta. O consumo de álcool aumenta a ocorrência e gravidade da violência doméstica 18 .…”