ObjectiveTo investigate the association of family income at birth with BMI among young adults
who have been followed since birth.DesignA birth cohort study.SettingIn 1982, all children born in Pelotas, southern Brazil, were included in a perinatal
survey and visited at ages 1, 2, 4, 15, 18–19 and 23 years.SubjectsCohort members (n 4297) were traced and interviewed in 2004–2005. In
all follow-ups, participants were weighed and measured, and BMI and prevalence of
obesity were calculated for each age. Family income was obtained in minimum wages in
1982 and as a continuous variable, in reais, in later follow-ups. Skin colour was
self-reported in 2004–2005.ResultsMean BMI and prevalence of obesity differed between males and females. In males, a
direct relationship was found throughout life and among females this relationship was
modified by age. During childhood, BMI was higher among girls from higher income groups
and this association was inversed at age 23 years. At this same age, mean BMI among
black women was 1·3 kg/m2 higher than among white women, even after
adjustment for current family income.ConclusionsThe findings show in men that the relationship between income and BMI is similar to
that seen in less developed areas, whereas among adult women the relationship is similar
to that observed in developed countries. In addition to the effect of socio-economic
status, skin colour also has an influence on the BMI of adult women.