Diferenciais socioeconômicos na realização de exame de urina no pré-natal

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:Urinalysis is an essential component of the prenatal routine, as urinary tract infections during pregnancy may lead to preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity. The objective of the study was to analyze factors associated to the solicitation of urinalysis during pregnancy. METHODS:During 2004, 4,163 women living in the urban area of Pelotas (Southern Brazil) and who had received prenatal care were interviewed after delivery in the maternity hospitals of the city. Prevalence of the nonperformance of urinalysis was analyzed in relation to socioeconomic and demographic variables, as well as to characteristics of prenatal care. After a bivariate analysis, logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the outcome, controlling for possible confusion factors at a 5% level of signifi cance. RESULTS:The prevalence of not having had the test was 3%. The multivariate analysis showed that black skin color, poverty, low schooling, being unmarried and having fewer than six prenatal visits were associated with a higher probability of not carrying out the test. Women who were black, poor and with low schooling presented a 10% probability of not being examined, compared to 0.4% for mothers who were white, wealthy and highly educated. CONCLUSIONS:Despite the fact that urinalysis is essential for preventing complications for the mother and newborn, 3% of the women were not screened. Screening coverage may serve as an indicator to assess the quality of prenatal care. Pregnant women who are black, poor, with low schooling and unmarried should be targeted in programs for improving the quality of care.

Prevalência e fatores associados à internação hospitalar para tratamento da infecção do trato urinário durante a gestação

“…A explicação para essa associação é que a liberação de mediadores dos processos inflamatórios da ITU desencadeia as contrações 20 . Quanto aos exames de urina durante a gestação já se sabe que a não realização de pelo menos um exame de urina durante o pré-natal foi mais frequente entre aquelas mulheres de menor nível econômico, menor escolaridade, que não viviam com companheiro e que compareceram em menos de seis consultas no pré-natal 21 .…”

Não realização de teste sorológico para sífilis durante o pré-natal: prevalência e fatores associados

“…Only one work evaluated a similar association: urinalysis during prenatal care. In this study, Silveira et al showed that, even after adjustment for several confounding factors, the odds ratio of non-performance of urinalysis during the prenatal period was 24.5 (10.5 -57.4) among pregnant women who had only one prenatal visit in comparison with those who had seven or more visits 21 . That is, the provision of health care depends on the pregnant woman going to prenatal visits.…”

“…Household income and maternal schooling are the main determinants of adequate prenatal care [18][19][20][21] . A study conducted in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, showed that the coverage for almost all prenatal procedures and tests was higher among pregnant women belonging to the highest quintile of income compared to the lowest 18 .…”

After 10 years, how do changes in asset ownership affect the Indicador Econômico Nacional?

“…Epidemiological research and inequality studies normally use asset (or wealth) indices considering their easy, fast and stable classification of the households according to their socioeconomic situation 2-4,16,17 . Although widely used, the selection of the component variables of these indicators lack of a “best practice manual” to improve their discrimination capacity and their stability over time.…”