Trypanosoma cruzi strains from triatomine collected in Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

OBJECTIVECollection of triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic environments in states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Northeastern and Southern Brazil respectively, and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi strains.METHODSFirst, the captured triatomines were identified using insect identification keys, then their intestinal content was examined by abdominal compression, and the samples containing trypanosomatid forms were inoculated in LIT medium and Swiss mice.RESULTSSix triatomine species were collected in cities in Bahia, namely Panstrongylus geniculatus (01), Triatoma melanocephala (11), T. lenti (94), T. pseudomaculata (02), T. sherlocki (26) and T. sordida (460), and two in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, namely T. circummaculata (11) and T. rubrovaria (115). Out of the specimens examined, T. cruzi was isolated from 28 triatomine divided into four different species: T. melanocephala (one), T. lenti (one), T. rubrovaria (16) and T. sordida (10). Their index of natural infection by T. cruzi was 6.4%.CONCLUSIONSThe isolation of T. cruzi strains from triatomines found in domestic and peridomestic areas shows the potential risk of transmission of Chagas disease in the studied cities. The maintenance of those T. cruzi strains in laboratory is intended to promote studies that facilitate the understanding of the parasite-vector-host relationship.

An overview on the ecology of Triatominae (Hemiptera:Reduviidae)

“…In hiding places of animals between rocks (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) # # Yes Lent & Wygodzinsky 1979, Ribeiro et al 2014 T. longipennis # # Inside human houses and peridomestic environment (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. maculata Palm tree, hollow tree, bird nest, bromeliad (Tonn et al, 1978) Domestic and peridomestic (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) …”

“…Nests of woodrats (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) # # Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. rubrofasciata # # Domestic, only found in human houses in association with rats (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. rubrovaria Rocks and crevices in stone walls, corrals, land covered with stones (Almeida et al, 2002) Occasionally found in human houses (Almeida et al, 2002) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979;Ribeiro et al, 2014) T. sanguisuga Hollow trees inhabited by various invertebrates and vertebrates (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) Adults found inside human houses (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. sinaloensis…”

“…Nests of woodrats (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) # # Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. sordida Hollow trees, piles of wood, palm trees, chickencoops, nests of wild birds Peridomestic ) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979;Ribeiro et al, 2014) T. spinolai Stony hills, and in rock crevices of arid and semiarid zones (Botto-Mahan et al, 2005) Corrals of domestic animals (Botto-Mahan et al, 2005) Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. tibiamaculata Marsupials and rodents burrow, palm trees, epiphytic bromeliads. (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) # # Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) T. vandae # # Peridomestic environment and inside human houses (Carcavallo et al, 2002;Lorosa et al, 2003) Yes (Lorosa et al, 2003) T. venosa # # # # Yes (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979) …”

Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from a triatomine found in one of the biggest metropolitan areas of Latin America

“…The triatomine was found in the Jabaquara subway, more specifically on the mezzanine hallway, Block H "23°38'41.94 S to 46°38'29.46O" (Office for Logistics and Storage of Products of the Subway, ResponsibleRosane Correa de Oliveira), which is an urban area in the City of São Paulo. The biological material obtained by abdominal compression was diluted in 0.9% saline and observed between the slide and the cover slip under an optical microscope (22) . The sample showed trypomastigote forms of Trypanosomatidae, which were inoculated (0.3mL) in the peritoneum of 23 to 35-day-old Balb/c mice and in Liver Infusion Tryptose (LIT) axenic culture medium for the molecular identification and characterization of the parasite.…”

Biological and Molecular Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi Strains from Four States of Brazil

“…7 For this reason, epidemiological studies are performed in both endemic and nonendemic areas, and triatomines are also captured for analysis. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Many studies have been performed in an attempt to describe the genetic structure of the parasites. 15 These efforts have included the sequencing of the genome of T. cruzi (CL Brener), which was published in conjunction with the genome sequences of Leishmania major and Trypanosoma brucei.…”