Regulação antidoping e saúde pública: limites à exposição humana ao risco sanitário e a glória desportiva

Aith, Fernando Mussa Abujamra

doi:10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047005129

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Doping is the practice of using substances to enhance athletic performance (Morente‐Sánchez & Zabala, 2013). However, these substances can cause side effects that put athletes’ health at risk (Aith, 2013). The substances and methods banned by the World Anti‐Doping Agency are divided into several groups, depending on whether they are banned during competition (S6–S9) or at all times (S1–S5, M1–M3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐house standards derived from doping peptides: Enzymatic and serum stability and degradation profile of GHRP and GHRH‐related peptides

González‐López,

Guerra‐Acero‐Turizo,

Blanco‐Medina

et al. 2023

Biomedical Chromatography

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Matrix effect and sample pretreatment significantly affect the percentage recovery of peptides in biological matrices, affecting the method robustness and accuracy. To counteract this effect, an internal standard (IS) is used; however, in most cases this is not available, which limits the analytical method. It is important to identify short peptides that can be used as ISs in the quantification of peptides in biological matrices. In this study, doping peptides GHRP‐4, GHRP‐5, GHRP‐6, Sermorelin (1–11), Sermorelin (13–20) and Sermorelin (22–29) were synthesized using solid‐phase peptide synthesis. Treatment with human blood, trypsin and chymotrypsin was used to determine the stability of the peptides. Products were evaluated using the high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detector (HPLC‐DAD) method. The analytical methodology and sample pretreatment were effective for the analysis of these molecules. A unique profile related to protein binding and enzymatic stability of each peptide was established. GHRP‐4, GHRP‐6 and Sermorelin (22–29) can be considered as in‐house ISs as they were stable to enzyme and blood treatment and can be used for the quantification of peptides in biological samples. Peptides GHRP‐6 and Sermorelin (22–29) were used to analyse a dimeric peptide (26[F] LfcinB (20–30)2) in four different matrices to test these peptides as in‐house IS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐house standards derived from doping peptides: Enzymatic and serum stability and degradation profile of GHRP and GHRH‐related peptides

González‐López,

Guerra‐Acero‐Turizo,

Blanco‐Medina

et al. 2023

Biomedical Chromatography

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Synthetic Peptides in Doping Control: A Powerful Tool for an Analytical Challenge

et al. 2022

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Peptides are very diverse molecules that can participate in a wide variety of biological processes. In this way, peptides are attractive for doping, since these molecules can activate or trigger biological processes that can improve the sports performance of athletes. Peptide molecules are found in the official World Anti-Doping Agency lists, mainly in sections S2, S4, and S5. In most cases, these molecules have a very short half-life in the body and/or are identical to natural molecules in the body, making it difficult to analyze them as performance-enhancing drugs. This article reviews the role of peptides in doping, with special emphasis on the peptides used as reference materials, the pretreatment of samples in biological matrices, the instrumentation, and the validation of analytical methodologies for the analysis of peptides used in doping. The growing need to characterize and quantify these molecules, especially in complex biological matrices, has generated the need to search for robust strategies that allow for obtaining sensitive and conclusive results. In this sense, strategies such as solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), seeking to obtain specific peptides, metabolites, or isotopically labeled analogs, is a key tool for adequate quantification of different peptide molecules in biological matrices. This, together with the use of optimal methodologies for sample pretreatment (e.g., SPE or protein precipitation), and for subsequent analysis by high-resolution techniques (mainly hyphenated LC-HRMS techniques), have become the preferred instrumentation to meet the analytical challenge involved in the analysis of peptides in complex matrices.

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Responsabilidade Das Casas De Apostas Esportivas Sob a Ótica Do Fenômeno Do Match-Fixing

Jacob,

Bermond Tonon

2023

RMNM

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O presente artigo visa discutir a responsabilidade das casas de apostas esportivas sob a ótica do fenômeno match-fixing, que envolve manipulação de resultados em eventos esportivos. Parte-se do problema de que esse fenômeno representa uma ameaça significativa à integridade do esporte. Nesse contexto, as casas de apostas esportivas desempenham um papel crucial, pois podem estar envolvidas em atividades ilegais relacionadas ao match-fixing. O método de pesquisa se baseou em uma revisão de literatura abrangente, envolvendo estudos acadêmicos, jurisprudência relevante e regulamentações relacionadas às apostas esportivas. Teve como objetivo geral investigar a responsabilidade das casas de apostas esportivas no contexto do match-fixing, analisando as implicações legais, práticas e regulatórias, a fim de compreender melhor como esse fenômeno é abordado no cenário jurídico e esportivo. Os resultados apontam que as casas de apostas esportivas desempenham um papel importante na detecção e prevenção do match-fixing. Muitas delas têm políticas rigorosas de integridade e cooperação com autoridades esportivas e policiais. Conclui que embora muitas casas de apostas estejam comprometidas em combater esse fenômeno, é fundamental estabelecer regulamentações mais rigorosas e incentivos para a colaboração eficaz.

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Regulação antidoping e saúde pública: limites à exposição humana ao risco sanitário e a glória desportiva

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

In‐house standards derived from doping peptides: Enzymatic and serum stability and degradation profile of GHRP and GHRH‐related peptides

In‐house standards derived from doping peptides: Enzymatic and serum stability and degradation profile of GHRP and GHRH‐related peptides

Synthetic Peptides in Doping Control: A Powerful Tool for an Analytical Challenge

Responsabilidade Das Casas De Apostas Esportivas Sob a Ótica Do Fenômeno Do Match-Fixing

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