Parasitismo de ovos de Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor por Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Soares) em plantios de seringueira com aplicação de produtos fitossanitários

Abstract

Parasitism of Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor eggs by Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Soares) in rubber tree plantations with application of pesticidesThe rubber tree lace bug, Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is one of the main rubber tree crop pests in Brazil. It can cause loss of up to 30% in latex yield. The control is performed mainly with pesticides and one of the alternatives to their use is the utilization of natural enemies. The parasitoid Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Soares) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) has been shown to be an important natural enemy of L. heveae, parasitizing eggs of this pest in natural conditions. The aim of this study was to verify the occurrence and the parasitism of E. tingitiphagus on L. heveae eggs in commercial stands of five rubber tree clones which are regularly treated with pesticide, in the municipality of Itiquira, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Weekly, between August 2006 and January 2007, four mature leaves were randomly sampled in five trees of the clones RRIM 600, PR 255, GT 1, PB 235 and PB 217. Parasitoids were found in all studied clones with populations peaking in October. The parasitism rate ranged from 13.8% in PB 235 to 30.8% in RRIM 600, with average of 24.2%. The application of pesticides in the stands had no negative effect onon parasitism of E. tingitiphagus.

Dinámica poblacional de Leptopharsa gibbicarina Froeschner (Hemiptera: Tingidae) en dos lotes de palma de aceite en el departamento del Cesar, Colombia

“…La biología, hábitos y parámetros reproductivos de L. gibbicarina han sido estudiados en E. guineensis como hospedero (Barrios et al, 2015). De igual manera, se han registrado una gran cantidad de enemigos naturales que afectan las poblaciones; dentro de estos se destacan las hormigas depredadoras del género Crematogaster (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) y las Crisopas (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) (Medina & Tovar, 1997;Guzmán et al, 1997;Aldana et al, 1995), el parasitoide de huevos Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Hemiptera: Mymaridae) (Triapitsyn et al, 2007;Souza et al, 2009;Souza, 2014) y hongos entomopatógenos como Purpureocillium lilacinum (Barrios et al, 2016). Sin embargo, el uso de insecticidas de síntesis química ha sido la estrategia general para el control de las poblaciones de L. gibbicarina (Méndez, 2000), situación que ha llevado a la reducción en las poblaciones de sus enemigos naturales.…”