Uso de aminoetoxivinilglicina na maturação e queda pré-colheita de maçãs 'Imperial Gala'

Abstract

Aminoethoxyvinylglycine on maturation and preharvest drop control of 'Imperial Gala' applesThe use of techniques for controlling fruit maturation is critical in the production of 'Gala' apples in order to increase postharvest fruit preservation and reduce preharvest fruit drop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations, application times and multiple applications of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on maturation and preharvest fruit drop of 'Imperial Gala' apples. The experiment was carried out in a commercial orchard in the municipality of Fraiburgo, SC, Brazil. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design, with five replications of individual trees. The following treatments were evaluated: 1. control (no application); 2. 120 g ha -1of AVG sprayed four weeks before the predicted harvest date (WBPH); 3. 60 g ha -1 of AVG (4 WBPH) + 60 g ha -1 of AVG (2 WBPH); 4. 30 g ha -1 of AVG (2 WBPH) + 30 g ha -1 of AVG at predict harvest (PH); 5. 90 g ha -1 of AVG (2 WBPH); e 6. 30 g ha -1 of AVG (1 WBPH) + 30 g ha -1 of AVG (predict harvest -PH) + 30 g ha -1 of AVG (seven days after predict harvest -DAPH). Regardless of application time, concentration, single or multiple spray applications, the use of AVG reduced the preharvest fruit drop of 'Imperial Gala' apples. The color change on fruit surface was lower in fruits treated with AVG. The harvest delay caused by AVG treatments increased the mean fruit weight, and best results were obtained with application of 30 g ha -1 of AVG (1 WBPH) + 30 g ha -1 of AVG (PH) + 30 g ha -1 of AVG (7 DAPH).

Preharvest treatment of growth regulators influences postharvest quality and storage life of cashew apples

“…GA3 effects on fruit firmness has been associated to a reduction in approximately 10% of LP degree of cherry tomatoes (Ding et al, 2015), contrasting with what was here reported for cashew apples, and to inhibition of PG activity in 'Barhee' dates (Mohamed et al, 2014). Although in the current research there was no significant difference between control and AVG treatment regarding fruit firmness, previous studies have demonstrated a positive effect of AVG on firmness of peach, apple and persimmon (Hawerroth et al, 2011;Yildiz et al, 2012;Brackmann et al, 2013).…”

Maturity and Quality of Apple Fruit Durinig the Harvest Period at Apple Industry

“…This technique is particularly important in the country, since approximately 95% of the apple production is concentrated in these two cultivars (PÉRÈS, 2009). Schedule of harvest prevents crop losses due to pre-harvest drop and / or post-harvest deterioration associated with the harvesting of overripe apples, and reduces harvesting costs (HAWERROTH et al, 2011).…”

“…It is noteworthy that more than 95% of apples harvested are of only two cultivars, 'Gala' and 'Fuji' (PÉRÈS et al, 2009), the occurrence of unfavorable climatic conditions, particularly precipitation in the harvest time and insufficient availability of labor and infrastructure for harvesting, reception and handling at warehouse. The planting of apple trees in regions with different microclimates and the use of growth regulators to manage the dormancy release, flowering time and fruit maturation on the tree have been used to schedule the harvest time and to reduce the risk of harvesting immature and overripe apples (HAWERROTH et al, 2011;PETRI et al, 2011;SCOLARO et al, 2015).…”

Maturation of 'Baigent' apples protected by anti-hail nets and sprayed with aminoethoxyvinylglycine and ethephon

“…The growth regulator aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) is commercially sprayed on apple trees to increase the harvest period by delaying maturation through its inhibitory action on ethylene synthesis (Brackmann et al, 2014;Soethe et al, 2019). The application of AVG slows down the degradation of starch, as well as the loss of flesh firmness (Steffens et al, 2006), and can provide an increase in yield, due to a reduction in pre-harvest drop and an increase in average fruit mass (Hawerroth et al, 2011;Arseneault & Cline 2016). However, the pre-harvest application of AVG, at the recommended rate of 124 mg L -1 , reduces the development of the red skin color of 'Royal Gala' apples (Scolaro et al, 2015), damaging their visual aspect and depreciating the value of production.…”

“…The recommendation for AVG use is to apply it, in a single rate, four weeks before the start of harvest forecast (Yuan & Carbaugh, 2007). However, multiple applications of AVG can provide the same benefitsdelay of maturation -as the application of AVG in a single rate, but without compromising the development of the red color of the fruits (Hawerroth et al, 2011). For this reason, it is important to assess the effects of the multiple application of AVG, in combination or not with ethephon, to maintain the efficiency of AVG in regulating the ripening process, without, however, affecting the development of fruit skin color.…”