A música como recurso no cuidado à criança hospitalizada: uma intervenção possível?

Abstract

This bibliographic study involved the Medline and LILACS databases as well as non-systematized searches and covered the period from 1994 to 2004. We aimed to analyze the bibliographic production on pediatric nursing and music, in order to identify current knowledge in this area. Our analysis revealed 3 units of meaning: the setting, interventions and repercussions. The results disclose the benefits music can offer to hospitalized children, their family members and health teams. We observed that music can be used in hospitals as a low-cost, nonpharmacological and noninvasive intervention, promoting development processes with a view to the health of children, families and workers.

A arte do teatro Clown no cuidado às crianças hospitalizadas

“…As an example, there are biblical reports that, around 1000 BC, David played the harp to soothe and ease King Saul from evil spirits. Currently, studies (13,19) point to evidence that music can be employed as another instrument to treat several diseases, especially when it is necessary to establish strategies to relieve pain.…”

“…Recent research (13,19) notes that music can reduce stress, anxiety and distressing situations, such as hospitalization, as well as relieving pain and improving the quality of sleep, being therefore a valuable method of distraction. A randomized study (19) including 40 children aged 5 to 12 years, hospitalized for small surgeries in an Italian hospital, demonstrated that the presence of the clown and the parents, during the anesthetic induction, was an effective intervention to reduce anxiety of both children and parents.…”

“…The individual who experiences a serious disease needs to be in contact with something that is opposite to it (7,(13)(14) and this can be one of the justifications for the presence of Companhia do Riso in the hospital environment, as observed in the excerpts below:…”

A música na terminalidade humana: concepções dos familiares

“…She then went on to tell us about how many times she had danced to that song and won trophies in dances she participated in, which makes us believe that each person, consciously or unconsciously, brings inside their Being a personal and untransferable taste in music (18 we see in her face how important it is for her to see her grandmother happy, eager and forgetful, for a while, about her existential condition. This message also showed us that music has the power to change our spirit, hence being a therapy for physical and psychic disorders (19) . The discourse or language defines another feature that the being-there uses to express in the world.…”

Compreendendo a criança e o adolescente com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico durante a utilização do brinquedo

“…As crianças, ao serem hospitalizadas, podem desenvolver estresse em decorrência da falta de preparo para este novo momento de sua vida, tornando-se vulneráveis a toda esta nova mudança, que é o estar doente, em decorrência das alterações que ocorrem em sua rotina diária e por ''possuírem número limitado de mecanismos de enfrentamento para resolver seus conflitos, decorrentes da doença e da hospitalização' ' (WHALEY;WONG, 1999, p. 543). Neste contexto, Ferreira; Remedi e Lima (2006) revelam que a assistência prestada em nível hospitalar encontra-se, nos dias atuais, ainda muito mecanizada, estando esta, longe de demonstrar qualquer afeto e subjetividade, tornando deste modo, a permanência da criança neste ambiente mais dolorosa, pois, somada à doença, encontra-se em local desconhecido, com profissionais estranhos a si e aparelhos que podem lhe causar medo e capazes de alterar sua rotina.…”