This article presents some considerations about the recent Brazilian economic policy. Some hypotheses about the economic perspectives for the forthcoming years are also considered. Although the current government politically represents the opposition to the previous administration, not only in their rhetoric but also in their attitudes, they seem to have chosen to maintain the economic policy and the agenda of structural reforms. Priority will be given to Tax Reform and Social Security Reform. The central points of the previous economic policy, that is, floating exchange rates and the inflation targeting mechanism, were maintained under the new administration. Inflation is the main short tern problem, but the Central Bank is showing determination in keeping a conservative policy to ensure that, by the end of 2003, inflation will be reduced.