A restrição do crescimento fetal influencia a composição corporal na idade escolar?

Abstract

Objective: To assess the influence of low birth weight in full-term infants on body composition at school age.Method: This is a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of 375 infants recruited at birth between 1993 and 1994 in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. At 8 years of age, the body composition of 213 children from this cohort was assessed by measurement of triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness and mid upper arm circumference. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to identify the influence of low birth weight, socioeconomic condition, maternal nutritional status, and child morbidity on triceps skinfold thickness.Results: Mean triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, mid upper arm circumference, and upper arm muscle and fat areas were lower in children born at term with low weight than in those with appropriate birth weight. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the relative majority of variance in triceps skinfold thickness (12.3%) was explained by socioeconomic variables, particularly per capita family income (9.1%), followed by anemia and past hospitalization (which, together, explained 5.6% of variance) and maternal body mass index, which contributed toward 2.4% of this variance. Low birth weight had no influence on triceps subcutaneous fat deposition in this age group. Conclusion:Socioeconomic factors and a history of morbidity had a greater influence on body composition than low birth weight in schoolchildren born at term. (Rio J). 2011;87(1):29-35: Low birth weight, fetal growth retardation, skinfold thickness, body composition, nutritional status, cohort studies. J Pediatr

Prevalence of dyslipidemia in children from 2 to 9 years old

“…It is known that HDL-c represents protection against the risk of developing CVD, but previous studies have shown a lower prevalence than that found in this research (35.1%) (7) . Research carried out with 893 children and young adults suggests that TG and HDL-c can be used in the early identification of young people who need a more aggressive intervention to prevent cardiovascular diseases (29) . Cohort study conducted with data from the years 2004 and 2008 in children aged 5 and 9 years showed a prevalence of altered HDL-c in 35.1% and 67.6%, respectively (5) .…”

Developmental Programming in Response to Intrauterine Growth Restriction Impairs Myoblast Function and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism

“…Children born with SGA have less skeletal muscle mass as infants and skeletal muscle mass grows at a slower rate through four years of age compared to their AGA counterparts [94–96]. Arm muscle size is reduced in infants at birth and at 3, 6, and 9 months of age [97] and upper-arm circumference and muscle area is less at 8 years of age [98]. Similarly, IUGR lambs have substantially reduced weight and protein content in the semitendinosus muscles at birth [53, 99], and daily protein accretion over the first few months of life is slowed [53].…”