A prática do aleitamento materno nas capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal: situação atual e avanços

Abstract

Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in children younger than 1 year old who participated in the second phase of the multivaccination campaign in 2008. We used two-stage cluster sampling. The questionnaire consisted of closed questions, including data on consumption of breast milk, other types of milk, and other foods on the day prior to the survey. We analyzed the prevalence of BF in the first hour of life; exclusive BF in children younger than 6 months; BF in children aged 9 to 12 months; and medians of exclusive BF and BF. The time variation of BF was established by comparing the medians of exclusive BF and BF in 1999 and 2008. Results:We obtained data from 34,366 children. We found that 67.7% (95%CI 66.7-68.8) of the children were breastfed in the first hour of life; the prevalence of exclusive BF in children aged 0 to 6 months was 41% (95%CI 39.7-42.4), while the prevalence of BF in children aged 9 to 12 months was 58.7% (95%CI 56.8-60.7). There was an increase of 30.7 days in the median duration of exclusive BF and 45.7 days in the median of BF. Conclusion:There was a significant improvement in the breastfeeding prevalence in the last decade. However, further efforts are required so that Brazil can reach BF rates compatible with the recommendations of the World Health Organization.

Fatores ligados aos serviços de saúde determinam o aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida no Distrito Federal, Brasil, 2011

“…The 2 nd Research on Breastfeeding Prevalence, conducted in 2008, showed that 67.7% of all children were breastfed in the first hour of life. In the Federal District the observed prevalence was 72.5% 30 . Data from the 2006 National Demographic and Health Survey (PNDS) showed that 43.0% of children breastfed in the first hour of life in Brazil.…”

Prevalência de aleitamento materno e fatores associados no município de Londrina-PR

“…This was confirmed in Londrina and practically in the entire country. Brazilian data revealed that 35.6% of children younger than four months were exclusively breastfed in 1999 (6) , while the 2008 survey revealed that 41% of children younger than six months were exclusively breastfed (7) . In Londrina, the exclusive breastfeeding indexes in children younger than six months old increased from 21% in 2002 (8) , to 33.8% in 2008, which also generated satisfaction among health professionals.…”

“…The Second National Survey on Eating Practices in the First Year of Life was conducted in 2008 with the aim of supporting the evaluation and planning of breastfeeding practices in Brazil, since the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in 1999 was 35.6% (6,7) . A study using the same methodology was conducted in 2002 in Londrina, PR, Brazil, the same setting of the current study, and reported 29.3% of children were exclusively breastfed up to four months of age, and 21.0% up to six months (8) .…”

Prevalência de aleitamento materno e fatores associados: uma revisão de literatura

“…No levantamento de dados sobre a prevalência do AME em menores de seis meses de idade, tanto a busca em algumas das capitais brasileiras como nas diferentes regiões do país, chegou a resultados semelhantes, uma vez que, identificaram índices abaixo dos 50% para o AME (VENANCIO et al, 2010). Este dado é semelhante ao de pesquisas já realizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde (BRASIL, 2010), porém está aquém do recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e pelo Fundo das Nações Unidas pela Infância (UNICEF), caracterizando um cenário preocupante no Brasil.…”

“…Neste estudo pode-se perceber também que as mães da Região Norte do Brasil, são as que mais amamentam seus filhos (45,9%), seguido pelas regiões Nordeste (37%), Centro-Oeste (45%), Sul (43,9%) e Sudeste (39,4%), ainda havendo maior prevalência nas áreas rurais do que urbanas (VENANCIO et al, 2010;WENZEL;SOUZA, 2011). Tais resultados elucidam a influência que as diferenças regionais possuem sobre as variáveis pesquisadas, uma vez que as diferentes regiões do país apresentam peculiaridades quanto a fatores como nível socioeconômico, escolaridade, trabalho, acesso à creche, entre outros, que podem impactar na manutenção do aleitamento materno.…”