Efeito da suplementação de zinco a crianças de 1 a 5 anos de idade

Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of zinc supplementation on nutritional and biochemical parameters among children aged 12 to 59 months.Methods: A blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out with 58 children aged 12 to 59 months included in the Programa Governamental de Combate a Carências Nutricionais (National Child Nutritional Program), which provided them with 2 kg of iron-fortified milk. The supplementation group (n = 28) received 10 mg/day of zinc sulfate for four months, and the control group (n = 30) received placebo. The following parameters were used to assess the nutritional status: weight-for-height and height-for-age expressed as z scores, according to National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) standards, biochemical measurements of serum iron and serum zinc, and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.Results: Zinc supplementation did not have a remarkable influence on anthropometric parameters. Baseline serum zinc levels were low in both groups. After supplementation, variations in mean hemoglobin (p = 0.002), hematocrit (p = 0.001), serum zinc (p = 0.023), and serum iron (p = 0.013) levels significantly increased in the zinc supplementation group.Conclusion: Zinc supplementation improved hemoglobin response and normalized serum zinc concentration. The results show the importance of establishing policies for nutritional care that can tackle zinc deficiency as well.

Hypothetical Function of Influent Nutrients for the Immunological System in the Aspect of the Treatment of Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis

“…Zinc acts on the hematological conditions by the participation of the nutrient in the iron metabolism, acting on the regulation of the function and expression of the transporters of divalent metal 1-DMT1 and mRNA regulated by iron-IREG23. Promotes a significant increase in the variation of hemoglobin levels and hematocrit levels [18].…”

Efeitos da deficiência de cobre, zinco e magnésio sobre o sistema imune de crianças com desnutrição grave

“…A deficiência de zinco é considerada um problema nutricional mundial, afetando países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento (39,40) . Atinge cerca de um terço da população mundial e é frequente na DEP.…”

“…A necessidade de zinco pode ser maior em crianças (39) devido ao rápido crescimento (41) , sobretudo naquelas com baixo peso ao nascer (21) . Ainda, seus níveis reduzidos na dieta, consequentes à pobreza e aos hábitos alimentares com baixa oferta de proteína animal (34,40) , submetem as crianças dos países subdesenvolvidos a um alto risco dessa deficiência (21) . Uma alimentação pobre em proteínas e calorias e rica em cereais, os quais inibem a absorção de zinco (42) , potencializam os efeitos deletérios de sua carência.…”