RESUMOPalavras-chave adicionais: Vigna unguiculata, Comovirus, Potyvirus, melhoramento genético.Among the viruses tha t infect cowpea ( Vign a u n gu ic u lata L . Walp.), Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) and Cowpea aphidb o rn e mo saic v iru s (CABMV) a re highlighted for their severity a n d wid esp rea d o ccu rr enc e, respe cti vel y. T h ere for e, the a im of t h is st u d y wa s t o o b t a i n a nd e v a l u a t e c o wpe a pl a n t s sh o wi n g resist a nce to CPS MV a nd CABMV in order t o develop n ew a nd e sse n t i a ll y d er i v e d c u l t iv a r s. E i g ht c r o sse s we r e pe r fo r me d , fo llo wed by ba c k cro sse s, u si ng t he lin e T E 9 7 -3 0 9 G-9 a n d t he cu l tiva r Pa ta tiva a s re sista nt pa rent a l do nors, a nd the c u ltiv a rs BR3-Tracuateua, BRS-Urubuquara, BRS-Novaera, BRS-Guariba and Pretinho a s su sceptible pa rents. Generations F2 a nd F2 RC1 were challenged for resista nce by mechanically inocu lating CPSMV a nd CABMV isolates. In F2RC1 genera tions, besides resista nce, other Barros, G.B.; Nogueira, M.S.R.; Oliveira, C.R.R.; Freire Filho, F.R.;Ribeiro, V.Q.; Veiga, C.F.M.; Brioso, P.S.T.; Eiras, M. Obtaining cowpea plants resistant to Cowpea severe mosaic virus and Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus. Summa Phytopathologica, v.39, n.2, p.130-136, 2013. traits were evaluated: number of days to the beginning of flowering, pod length, nu mber of seeds.pod-1, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of seeds.plant-1. All F2 and F2RC1 individuals were analyzed by the 2 test a nd fit to the expected frequency of 15 susceptible plants: 1 plant resistant to both viruses. The means of resistant F2RC1 plants, from each backcross, were compared with the mean of their respective recurrent parent by the t-test and means of backcrosses were compared by the Scott-Knott test. Genetic va riability among back crosses was detected for all traits. All backcrosses were considered promising for obta ining essentia lly derived cu ltiva rs resista nt to CPSMV a nd CABMV, and the selected plants have characteristics that allow the selection of lines with highly productive grains of good commercial quality.Dentre os vírus que infectam o feijão-caupi (Vigna ung uiculata L. Wa lp.) desta ca m-se, respectiva mente, pela severidade e ampla ocorrência o Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) e o Cowpea aphidborne mosaic virus (CABMV). Portanto, objetivaram-se, no presente tra balho, obter e ava liar plantas de feijão-cau pi com resistência ao CPSMV e ao CABMV, visa ndo a o desenvolvimento de cu ltivares essencia lmente deriva da s e novas cu ltiva res. Rea liza ra m-se oito cruzamentos seguidos de retrocruzamentos, utilizando a linhagem TE 9 7 -30 9 G-9 e a cu ltiva r Pa ta tiva como genitores resistentes, e a s cu ltivares BR3 -Tra cua teu a, BRS-Urubu qua ra, BRS-Novaera, BRSGuariba e Pretinho como genitores suscetíveis. As gerações F 2 e F 2 RC 1 foram desafiadas quanto à resistência por meio de inoculação mecânica com isolados do CPSMV e do CABMV. Nas gerações F 2 RC 1 , além da resistência for...