Seleção para a resistência à ferrugem em progênies das cultivares de café IPR 99 e IPR 107

Abstract

As cultivares de café IPR 99 ("Sarchimor") e IPR 107 ('IAPAR 59' x 'Mundo Novo IAC 376-4') eram no passado resistentes à ferrugem (Hemileia vastatrix). Os objetivos deste estudo foram: a) Identificar progênies dessas duas cultivares com resistência à ferrugem; b) Identificar progênies com resistência incompleta; c) Verificar a eficiência dos cruzamentos testes na seleção dessas cultivares. A avaliação da resistência em campo foi realizada em cafeeiros adultos expostos à população local de raças presentes no IAPAR. Foram avaliados 23 cruzamentos testes com progênies F3 de 'IPR 107' e 5 com progênies F4 de 'IPR 99'. Além disso, foram avaliadas 11 progênies F4 de 'IPR 107' e 5 progênies F5 de 'IPR 99', provenientes de autofecundação. Várias progênies das cultivares IPR 99 e 107 apresentaram alta freqüência de plantas com resistência completa e são portadoras de mais genes de resistência não quebrados pelas raças de ferrugem. Progênies das cultivares IPR 99 e IPR 107 com a resistência quebrada apresentaram resistência incompleta à população local de raças. Cruzamentos testes foram eficientes na seleção de progênies de café com mais genes de resistência não quebrados.

Rust resistance in Arabic Coffee cultivars in northern Paraná

“…'Catucaí Vermelho 20/15 cv 476', 'Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479', 'Catucaí Vermelho 785/15' and 'IPR 100' were statistically equal to the susceptible standard 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144' in the municipality of Congonhinhas, while 'Catucaí Amarelo 2SL' presented incomplete resistance similar to that of 'IPR 103'. In Londrina, 'Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479' was partially resistant not different from the IPR 103 cultivar ("Catucaí") that had presented a good level of partial resistance in a previous study by Sera et al (2010b). The resistance found in 'IPR 103' and 'Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479' probably came from "Icatu" , because different partial resistance levels had been frequently detected in "Icatu" plants (Monaco and Carvalho 1975, Eskes and Carvalho 1983, Eskes and Costa 1983, Eskes et al 1990).…”

“…'Catucaí Amarelo 24/137' was statistically equal to the susceptible standard in Londrina, but in Congonhinhas, the rust intensity was less than in the susceptible standards, indicating that there was still partial resistance to the rust races existing in this location. In Londrina, the rust intensity was less in the Catucaí Vermelho 20/15 cv 476, Catucaí Vermelho 785/15 and Catucaí Amarelo 2SL cultivars than in the susceptible standard, but statistically equal to the IPR 100, considered susceptible in the state of Paraná by Sera et al (2010b). 'Catucaí Vermelho 20/15 cv 476', 'Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479', 'Catucaí Vermelho 785/15' and 'IPR 100' were statistically equal to the susceptible standard 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144' in the municipality of Congonhinhas, while 'Catucaí Amarelo 2SL' presented incomplete resistance similar to that of 'IPR 103'.…”

“…reported that "Catucai" lines are attacked by rust at different levels, but several do not lose leaves sharply and chemical control is easy using copper fungicides. 1,016 d 1,000 e Paraíso H-419-10-6-2-5-1 1,000 d 1,000 e Paraíso H-419-10-6-2-10-1 1,000 d 1,000 e 'IPR 100' was originated from a crossing between "Catuaí" and one hybrid ("Catuaí" x series BA-10 coffee) carrying Coffea liberica genes, but it was probably not a carrier of the SH3 gene, because in Londrina coffee trees with this gene were completely resistant to the rust (Sera et al 2007a(Sera et al , 2010b. 'IPR 100' is resistant to race II (gene v5) of H. vastatrix, while the cultivars from the "Catuaí" germplasm, carriers only of SH5, are susceptible (Capucho et al 2007).…”

Seleção de progênies de café arábica com resistência à ferrugem alaranjada

“…Some plants of 'Palma I' ("Catuaí" x "Catimor"), 'Palma II' ("Catuaí" x "Catimor") and 'Sabiá 398' ('Acaiá' x "Catimor") are being attacked by rust, though with reduced defoliation (Matiello et al 2005). Some plants of 'IPR 107' ("Sarchimor" x 'Mundo Novo') were also rust-susceptible, but the frequency of plants with complete rust resistance was increased by new selections (Sera et al 2010a, Sera et al 2010b). The complete resistance was broken in several coffee plants of Catucaí germplasm, which are currently partially resistant (Matiello et al 2005, Sera et al 2010a or susceptible (Sera et al 2010a).…”

IPR 99 - Dwarf arabica coffee cultivar resistant to coffee ringspot virus

“…Some progenies of 'IPR 99' present complete resistance to rust (Sera et al 2010b), but probably this resistance will be defeated by new rust races in a short time. The resistance to leaf rust is partial in many progenies (Sera et al 2010a) and it may require chemical control, but with a lower number of fungicide applications in comparison with susceptible cultivars.…”