Tratamento de mandioca pela colchicina: II. formas poliplóides obtidas

Abstract

<abstract language="eng">The methods used in obtaining polyploid cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl) by colchicine treatment were described in detail. Two solutions of colchicine were tried, one at 0.5% and other at 1.0%, both giving identical results in producing many altered plants. The chromosome number of the altered plants was determined and [a correlation between chromosome duplication and increase of the major diameter of stomata was found. Size of stomata in cassava serves to identify poliploids individuals if the plant produced by treatment is not a chimera, a very frequent event in producing polyploid cassava by colchicine. It was emphasized that the plants obtained by treatment were a type of chimera, with the aerial part polyploid and the subterranean base diploid. The development of polyploid individuals obtained from the polyploid aerial part of the treated was analyzed. A comparison between the tetraploid and the diploid control plants was made, the octoploid plant being too slow in development. There are many groups of polivalents in the first meiotic metaphase of the autopoly-ploid individuals obtained. By an analysis of the polen grains it was assumed that the diploid plant may be a structural hybrid. The production of the tetraploid plants was computed preliminarly, other detailed experiments involving spacing being necessary for estimating the commercial production,, since the diploid produces more branched plants than the tetraploid ones

Occurrence and distribution of lace bug, whitefly, and shoot fly pest species on cassava (Manihot esculenta) crops according to region in Paraná State, Brazil

“…Originating from the Neotropical region, N. perezi has been reported in South (Bellotti et al, 1999), Central (Saunders, Coto, & King, 1998;Bellotti, 2008;De Lorenzi & Nora, 2016), and North America (Peña & Waddill, 1982). In Brazil, the shoot fly was first reported in 1940 (Graner, 1942;Zikan, 1944), with Lonchaea pendula Bezzi, 1919. This species has been documented in all geopolitical regions of the country, including the states of Amazonas (Silva, Magalhães, & Costa, 1981), Paraíba (S. D. Souza, Matias, & Lopes, 1982), Minas Gerais (J. C. Souza & Reis, 1986;Strikis, Marsaro, Adaime, & Lima, 2012), Rondônia (F. N. S. Oliveira, 1987), Bahia (Gisloti & Prado, 2011;Farias, Mattos, & Ferreira, 2007;A.…”

“…This species has been documented in all geopolitical regions of the country, including the states of Amazonas (Silva, Magalhães, & Costa, 1981), Paraíba (S. D. Souza, Matias, & Lopes, 1982), Minas Gerais (J. C. Souza & Reis, 1986;Strikis, Marsaro, Adaime, & Lima, 2012), Rondônia (F. N. S. Oliveira, 1987), Bahia (Gisloti & Prado, 2011;Farias, Mattos, & Ferreira, 2007;A. M. G. Oliveira et al, 2007), Santa Catarina (De Lorenzi & Nora, 2016, and São Paulo coastal and inland regions (Graner, 1942;Lourenção, Lorenzi, & Ambrosano, 1996;Gisloti & Prado, 2011). Results of simulated damage on different cassava cultivars showed that root yields may reach 30 % in late cultivars and from 51 to 71 % in cassava stem cuttings (Bellotti, 2002).…”

Aspectos da biologia e morfologia de machos da mosca-dos-brotos (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)

“…A mosca-da-mandioca tem origem na região neotropical, sendo citada inicialmente no Brasil nos anos 1940 (Graner, 1942;Zikan, 1944), sendo referida por estes autores como Lonchaea pendula Bezzi, 1919. De fato, a dificuldade taxonômica em distinguir as espécies da famí-lia Lonchaeidae se mostra válida também para N. perezi, e muitos trabalhos a citam como Silba pendula, (Bezzi, 1919); (Brinholi et al, 1974;Kawano, 1980;Oliveira, 1987).…”

Cassava shoot infestation by larvae of Neosilba perezi (Romero & Ruppell) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in São Paulo State, Brazil

“…The cassava shoot fly is Neotropical in origin and was first reported in Brazil in the 1940s (Graner 1942, Zikan 1944, by authors who referred to it as Lonchaea pendula (Bezzi). Indeed, the taxonomic difficulty of distinguishing among Lonchaeidae species also applies to N. perezi, and many papers refer to it as Silba pendula (Bezzi) (Brinholi et al 1974, Bellotti & Kawano 1980, Montaldo 1985.…”