Apêndice B. Os critérios diagnósticos de Roma III para os distúrbios gastrointestinais funcionais

Effect of transcutaneous abdominal electrical stimulation in people with constipation due to spinal cord injuries: a pilot study

“…Inclusion criteria consisted of all genders; age equal or above 18 years old; SCIs with an ASIA A, B, C and D classification (12) ; paraplegia or tetraplegia; enrollment in the hospitalization rehabilitation program; and diagnosis of constipation whose complaint followed the SCI -according to the Bristol Scale to characterize fecal consistency-and the Rome III criteria (13) -to assess the characteristics of bowel movement and analyze intestinal emptying frequency.…”

“…Exclusion criteria included: chronic bowel diseases prior to SCI, contraindicated use of EE with FES current, such as due to pacemakers; pregnancy; hypertension; excessive abdominal adipose tissue, BMI values greater than or equal to 30.0 Kg/m 2 ; adult obesity or BMI equal to or greater than 27.0 Kg/m 2 ; overweight older adults (14) or those with signs of inflammation/ infection in the abdominal region such as: pain, heat, flushing, edema or active infections in the skin at the site -with disruption of the epidermis, pustules, blisters, purulent secretion or allergic process; in addition to any irritation visible or reported by individuals; clinically instable vital signs; complaint of severe pain (regardless of intensity) or any discomfort in the abdomen in need of medication; soft or aqueous feces in at least 75% of bowel movements (13,15) .…”

“…The classification scale of the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) evaluated by the medical physiatric team and described in electronic medical records: ASIA A (no motor or sensory function is preserved in the sacral segments S4-S5; ASIA B (sensory function preserved but not motor function is preserved below the neurological level and includes the sacral segments S4-S5; ASIA C (motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and more than half of key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade less than 3; and ASIA D (motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and at least half of key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade of 3 or more) (12) . Rome III criteria (13) were used to evaluate constipation. Participants were considered constipated if two or more of the following signs/symptoms were reported in the last three months before evaluation: defecation effort (in at least 25% of bowel movements); lumpy or hard stools (in at least 25% of bowel movements); sensation of incomplete defecation (in at least 25% of bowel movements); sensation of anorectal obstruction/fecal blockage (in at least 25% of bowel movements); need for manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation Evaluation (in at least 25% of bowel movements); and fewer than three bowel movements a week (13) .…”

“…Rome III criteria (13) were used to evaluate constipation. Participants were considered constipated if two or more of the following signs/symptoms were reported in the last three months before evaluation: defecation effort (in at least 25% of bowel movements); lumpy or hard stools (in at least 25% of bowel movements); sensation of incomplete defecation (in at least 25% of bowel movements); sensation of anorectal obstruction/fecal blockage (in at least 25% of bowel movements); need for manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation Evaluation (in at least 25% of bowel movements); and fewer than three bowel movements a week (13) . A defecation frequency with three or more bowel movements a week and a maximum of three bowel movements a day was the parameter to establish normal intestinal pattern, in addition to other incorporated factors, such as: defecation effort, feces consistency, and rectal emptying (17) .…”

Efeito da eletroestimulação abdominal transcutânea no quadro de constipação em pessoas com lesão medular: estudo piloto

“…critérios De seLeção Critérios de inclusão -ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos; com LM classificação ASIA A, B, C e D (12) , com paraplegia e tetraplegia; que estavam em programa de reabilitação de internação e que foram diagnosticados com constipação intestinal de queixa posterior à LM, segundo a Escala de Bristol para caracterização da consistência das fezes e segundo os critérios de Roma III (13) para compreensão das características da evacuação e análise da frequência de esvaziamento intestinal.…”