Autoantibodies in relatives of celiac disease patients: a follow-up of 6-10 years

Abstract

-Context -Autoimmune diseases are 3 to 10 times more frequently in patients with celiac disease and their relatives than in the general population. Objective -To investigate a broad spectrum of autoantibodies in celiac disease relatives from Southern Brazil, in a serological follow-up of 6-10 years, aiming to associate with other autoimmune diseases, degree of parentage, demographic and clinical data. Methods -Serum samples of 233 relatives were analyzed in two different phases: n = 186 in phase I (1997)(1998)(1999)(2000) and n = 138 (being 91 = follow-up group and 47 = newly tested) in phase II (2006II ( -2007. As controls, 100 unrelated individuals were evaluated. Autoantibodies to smooth muscle, mitochondrial, liver-kidney microssome, parietal cell and thyroid microssome were tested by indirect immunofluorescence. Results -A significant increase of autoantibodies, in both phases, was observed in the relatives when compared to the non-relatives (P = 0.0064), specifically to anti-thyroid microssome and anti-parietal cell. In both phases, the female/male proportion of autoantibodies was of 4:1 to 3:1 (P≤0.041). The frequency of autoantibodies amongst 1st and 2nd degree relatives was 11.8% and 9.68% in phase I and 4% and 6.67% in phase II. Conclusion -Celiac disease relatives presented other autoantibodies and serological screening is a useful instrument for identifying autoimmune diseases along the years.

Pernicious anaemia and endocrine glands antibodies

“…Patients with AITD and taking drugs that affected the absorption of vitamin B 12 had double the probability of developing a PA compared with those who were not taking medications [35]. The occurrence of anti-thyroid antibodies in patients with PA has also been described much earlier at the level of 33% [17], which is consistent with the clinical observation of the coexistence of diseases with autoimmune aetiology in clinical medicine [13,16,[18][19][20]. Susceptibility to PA appears to be genetically determined, although the mode of inheritance remains unknown.…”

“…APCA are detected in almost every case of PA, but often also in the course of gastritis without anaemia. APCA does not occur in healthy people [3,4,8,9,13,14,16,20,[26][27][28][29].…”

“…Susceptibility to PA appears to be genetically determined, although the mode of inheritance remains unknown. Similarly, there is evidence for the role of genetic factors binding PA with other autoimmune diseases [4,[19][20][21][22]. The phenomenon of the coexistence of autoimmune diseases of the endocrine glands with gastroenterological and rheumatic diseases is referred to as autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS).…”

“…In patients with diagnosed autoimmune disease, changes in the functioning of other organs/systems often develop with time (or simultaneously). Probably it is the result of general immune disturbances accompanying these diseases as well as cross reactions that show many types of antibodies [13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Understanding the pathomechanism of the above phenomenon and expanding the diagnosis to detect the dysfunction of the other organ even before a clear clinical manifestation of the primary disease is justified, especially because starting the primary disease treatment can make this diagnosis more difficult.…”

Risk of Celiac Disease in the First- and Second-Degree Relatives of Patients With Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Full text of the study by Korponay-Szabo et al ( 19 ) could not be obtained despite our eff orts to contact the authors and suffi cient information could not be obtained from the abstract. One study was excluded based on exclusion criteria and 10 other studies were further excluded as they did not meet the quality assessment criteria to be included in our meta-analysis as described above ( 10,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Finally, 54 articles were included in this meta-analysis ( 9,(11)(12)(13)(14) ( Figure 1 ).…”