Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Gastric Cancer Precursor Lesions: Prevalence and Associated Factors in a Reference Laboratory in Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor for gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, both considered gastric cancer precursor lesions. Therefore, the investigation of the occurrence of H. pylori infection, precursor lesions and associated factors guides the adoption of specific strategies for the control this type of cancer. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients undergoing upper digestive endoscopy, as well as the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia, atrophy and chronic inflammation and their association with H. pylori infection. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed based on reports of gastric endoscopic biopsies performed in a private laboratory affiliated to the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). Patients were evaluated for age, gender and type of health service. The samples were evaluated for the presence of H. pylori, and also of chronic inflammation, intestinal metaplasia and glandular atrophy. RESULTS: Of a total of 4,604 patients (mean age 51±16.6), 63.9% were female and 63.1% coming from private health care service. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 31.7% (n=1,459), and the percentage of infection was significantly higher in patients from public health service (42.0%) in relation to patients from private health service (25.6%). Among H. pylori (+) patients, a higher percentage of intestinal metaplasia (17.7% vs 13.3%) and glandular atrophy (17.6% vs 6.9%) were observed when compared to those H. pylori (-) (P<0.01). From the patients H. pylori (+) with at least one type of precursor lesion (n=418), 161 (38.5%) had metaplasia and chronic inflammation, 160 (38.3%) had atrophy and chronic inflammation and finally 97 (23.2%) presented metaplasia, atrophy and chronic inflammation simultaneously. CONCLUSION: The present study reinforces the association of H. pylori infection with gastric cancer precursor lesions in a Brazilian population, emphasizing the importance of infection prevention measures, as well as the treatment of infected patients, especially in regions with lower socioeconomic levels that show a higher prevalence of infection by H. pylori.

Correlation between Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter Pylori Infections in Gastrointestinal Patients at Wasit Province

“…And this does not correspond with our current study, which showed that the rate of infection in males is higher than that of females. As for H.pylori, the results do not differ much in this study from the results of infection with C.parvum, as it has also shown that the rate of infection of males with H.pylori infection is higher 26(26%) than that of females22(22%),this agreed with Rodrigues study about H. pylori infection which showed the frequency of infection was higher among men (33.4%) rather than women (30.7%) [26] .Whereas, other studies showed that the infection rate for females is higher than males, like the study Şeyda, which was among its results H. pylori positivity was 67.7% in males and 68.2% in females [27] ,and Almadi studys that showed the prevalence rate between male and female students (34 % and 38% respectively) [28] . While other studies showed that no differences were found between…”

“…In( table-1) show out of 100 samples were detected 55% (55/100) of stool samples which considered as a positive result for C. parvum, while 45 (45/100) were negative also 48% (48/100) which considered as a positive result for H. pylori while 52(52/100) was negative.While the rate of co-infections between the C. parvum parasite and the H. pylori bacterium was 32(32/100). (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and the lowest infection was recorded also in female 3 (3%) in both age groups (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) and (41-60) years old.The highest H. pylori and co-infections were also recorded among females, and in the same age group, the highest rate of Cryptosporidium infection was recorded.…”

Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori

“…A retrospective study, based on reports of gastric endoscopic biopsies performed in a private laboratory affiliated with the Brazilian Health System was performed by Rodrigues et al The prevalence of H pylori was 31.7% (out of 4604 participants). Furthermore, the prevalence was significantly higher in patients consulting the public health service (42%) compared to patients consulting the private health service (25.6%), ( P < .01) 13 …”

Estimación de la frecuencia de infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes con lesiones potencialmente malignas gástricas del municipio de Pasto-Nariño, 2016-2019

“…En contraste, en el mismo estudio se reportó un mayor porcentaje de casos positivos de infección por H. pylori en mujeres que hombres en Obregón, México (86.6% en mujeres vs. 76.6% en hombres); y Santiago, Chile (77.4% en mujeres vs. 76.2% en hombres). En otros estudios con pacientes de Japón 41 y de Brasil 15 , se reporta un porcentaje de infección por la bacteria mayor para hombres frente a las mujeres.…”

“…La infección por esta bacteria lleva a un proceso inflamatorio crónico en el estómago 13 generando una gastritis aguda e inflamación de la lámina propia; posteriormente, se produce una pérdida del epitelio columnar gástrico por la liberación de radicales libres y procesos apoptóticos, y a un aumento de la respuesta leucocitaria, llevando a una gastritis crónica. La gastritis crónica no atrófica (GCNA) evoluciona a gastritis atrófica (GCA), que se caracteriza por una pérdida de glándulas gástricas, la cual progresa a metaplasia intestinal (MI) que ocurre cuando el epitelio columnar gástrico es deteriorado y reemplazado por epitelio de tipo intestinal 14,15 . Ya instaurada la metaplasia intestinal se aumenta la proliferación celular hacia un tipo de células glandulares anormales, pasando a displasia y finalmente a adenocarcinoma 14,16 .…”