Review: Epidemiology of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>

Mežmale, Linda; Coelho, Luiz Gonzaga Vaz; Bordin, D.S.; Leja, Mārcis

doi:10.1111/hel.12734

Cited by 62 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…50%-a, azaz 4,5 milliárd egyén fertőzött. Ez abból adódik, hogy a fejlődő országokban a prevalencia 70-80%-os, de a fejlett országokban a fertőzés gyakorisága fokozatosan csökken [3,4].…”

Section: Járványtanunclassified

“…A fertőzés átvitele lehetséges iatrogén úton, orvosi műszerekkel, illetve szoptatás révén. Az ivóvízzel, nyers zöldséggel, tehéntejjel, tengerigyümölccsel való fertőzést leírták, de arányuk a fertőzés globális elterjedésében nem tisztázott [3].…”

Section: öSszefoglaló Közleményunclassified

“…WGSanalízissel sikerült igazolni, hogy a fenotípusos klaritromicin-, levofloxacin-és rifampicinrezisztencia egyezik a 23SrRNS, gyrA és rpoB gének polimorfizmusaival; az oly gyakori metronidazolrezisztencia kimutatása ezzel a módszerrel még nem sikerült. A genetikai módszerekkel újabb mutációkat felfedeztek fel rifampicin-, metronidazol-és amoxicillinrezisztencia esetében: ezek jelentősége még nem tisztázott [3]. Az újgenerációs szekvenálásnak a jövőben szerepe lehet az egyénre szabott kezelés megválasztásában.…”

Section: áBraunclassified

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Helicobacter pylori – 2021

Buzás

2021

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Összefoglaló. A Helicobacter pylori továbbra is a világ legelterjedtebb fertőzése: prevalenciája a fejlődő országokban 70–80%, a fejlett országokban csökkenő tendenciát mutat. A dél-magyarországi véradókban a prevalencia 32%-ra csökkent. A migráció a befogadó ország számára a fertőzés fokozott kockázatával jár. A szövettani diagnózisban az immunhisztokémiai vizsgálat pontosabb a hagyományos Giemsa-festésnél. A mesterséges intelligencia érzékenysége a hagyományos endoszkópiáéval összehasonlítva 87%, pontossága 86%. Az újgenerációs szekvenálással lehetséges egy biopsziás mintából több antibiotikumérzékenység meghatározása. A Helicobacter pylori kezelésének európai regisztere kimutatta, hogy 2013 és 2018 között a bizmutalapú négyes vagy a 14 napos egyidejű négyes kezelések hatásosabbak, mint a hagyományos hármas kezelés, de elterjedésük igen lassú folyamat, jelentős földrajzi különbségekkel. Az új típusú koronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) felléphet Helicobacter pylori fertőzésben is, egymás kóros hatását felerősítve. A diagnosztikai módszerek korlátozottak. Protonpumpagátlók szedése növeli a COVID–19-fertőzés kockázatát és annak súlyos kimenetelét. Előzetesen ismert peptikus fekély, vérzés, illetve antikoguláns kezelés előtt az eradikáció a vírusos fertőzés lezajlása után indokolt. A probiotikumoknak az eradikációra gyakorolt hatásáról 20, közepes minőségű metaanalízis született, így a konszenzusokban foglalt álláspontok sem egyértelműek: a jövőben ezt tisztázni kell. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(32): 1275–1282. Summary. Helicobacter pylori is still the most widespread infection in the world: its overall prevalence is 70–80% in developing regions, but fortunately it is decreasing in the Western world. The prevalence in blood donors from South-Eastern Hungary decreased from 63% in the 1990’s to 32% in 2019. Migration constitutes an increased risk of infection for the destination countries. Immunohistochemistry has proven to be more accurate in histological diagnosis than the conventional Giemsa stain. The sensitivity and accuracy of artificial intelligence as compared to videoendoscopy were 87% and 86%, respectively. The European Register on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection revealed that concomitant quadruple and 14-day bismuth-based therapies are more efficient than triple combinations, although their incorporation in practice is a long-lasting process, with large geographical variations. The novel type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can also occur in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients, mutually enhancing their pathogenetic effects. Diagnostic possibilities are limited in this setting. The use of proton pump inhibitors increases the risk of viral infection and the severity of the disease. Eradication treatment seems justified in patients with previously known peptic ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding, or before starting anticoagulant treatment, but must be postponed after resolution of viral infection. The effect of probiotics on eradication was addressed by 20, medium-to-low quality meta-analyses and so, the recommendations of the guidelines are equivocal, which must be clarified in the future with higher quality studies. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(32): 1275–1282.

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Section: Járványtanunclassified

Section: öSszefoglaló Közleményunclassified

Section: áBraunclassified

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Helicobacter pylori – 2021

Buzás

2021

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“…The prevalence of H. pylori in Western Europe is 34%, however there is a lack of data from Eastern Europe [ 9 ]. Recent epidemiological reviews have stated that trends of continuously decreasing prevalence of this bacterium has been reported from different areas around the globe [ 3 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. There is a lack of epidemiological H. pylori studies in Lithuania—already published articles have shown the prevalence of H. pylori ranging from 36% in children [ 14 ] up to 70% in adults [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimens in Lithuania during the Years 2013–2020: Data from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: The prevalence of H. pylori in Eastern Europe remains quite high; however, there is insufficient data on the eradication regimens and their effectiveness. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic methods and treatment of H. pylori infection as well as their adherence to Maastricht V/Florence consensus during the years 2013–2020 in Lithuania. Materials and Methods: Sub-study of the “European Registry on H. pylori Management” (Hp-EuReg), international multicenter prospective non-interventional registry of the routine clinical practice. Lithuanian data from the years 2013–2020 were analyzed for effectiveness on a modified intention-to-treat (mITT) basis. 2000 adult patients, diagnosed with H. pylori infection, were included. Data were compared to the European Maastricht V guidelines. Results: Triple-therapy was used in 90% of the cases. In 91% of the first-line prescriptions, standard triple therapy (STT) was used. The most common second-line treatment was a combination of PPI, amoxicillin and levofloxacin (PPI+A+L) (47%). The overall effectiveness in 552 cases valid for analysis was 90% by mITT. In first-line treatment, the STT effectiveness was 90% and second-line treatment with PPI+A+L achieved 92% by mITT. Increasing overall H. pylori eradication rates were observed: from 72% in 2013 to more than 90% in 2018–2020, as well as a shift from 7 to 10–14 days treatments duration throughout 2013–2020. Conclusions: In Lithuania, the prescribed eradication regimens for H. pylori were in accordance with the international guidelines but diagnostic methods and treatment duration only partially met Maastricht V/Florence guidelines. The eradication effectiveness was improved progressively during the years 2018–2020, reaching ≥90% cure rates.

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“…It is estimated that 50% of the world's population will be infected with Helicobacter pylori during lifetime . H pylori infection results in chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma or gastric cancer; therefore, eradication of this bacterium is essential 1,2 . There is a known link between H pylori infection and gastric cancer, and it is well established that eradication of H pylori reduces the risk of developing gastric cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Maastricht V/Florence consensus report for the management ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection among primary care physicians and medical students in Croatia: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) eradication is becoming increasingly difficult. The aim of our study was to determine the knowledge of current guidelines and attitude in the diagnosis and treatment of H pylori infection in primary care physicians (PCPs) and medical students in Croatia. Materials and Methods A study was conducted among PCPs and medical students to evaluate adherence to Maastricht V consensus guidelines. Questionnaire was distributed by e‐mail to 2338 PCPs offices in Croatia and to the medical students from the University of Split School of Medicine. Responses were collected electronically from June 22 to August 22, 2020. Results Two hundred forty‐nine PCPs and 169 medical students were included in the study. Bismuth or non‐bismuth‐based quadruple therapy as first‐line treatment for H pylori was the choice of 4.8% of PCPs and 13% of students, while 66.3% PCPs and 79.9% students would choose clarithromycin‐based triple therapy. Bismuth‐based quadruple therapy was the most preferred second line of treatment for 45.4% of PCPs and 34.9% of students. Only 2.8% PCPs and 7.1% of students would correctly recommend first and second line of treatment for H. pylori infection. A larger proportion of students than PCPs would prefer C13‐urea breath test (50.3% vs 6.4%). Only 59.0% PCPs would treat for H pylori in all patients including the asymptomatic ones. Students more frequently recognized the link between H pylori and gastric cancer compared with PCPs (92.9% vs 73.5%). Conclusions Primary care physicians and medical students’ knowledge of H pylori guidelines are insufficient in Croatia and ask for additional training.

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Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Helicobacter pylori – 2021

Helicobacter pylori – 2021

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimens in Lithuania during the Years 2013–2020: Data from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)

Adherence to Maastricht V/Florence consensus report for the management ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection among primary care physicians and medical students in Croatia: A cross‐sectional study

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