Comparison of the hormonal responses to exhaustive incremental exercise in adolescent and young adult males

Hackney, Anthony C.; Viru, Mehis; VanBruggen, Mitch; Janson, T.; Karelson, Kalle; Viru, Atko

doi:10.1590/s0004-27302011000300006

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Salivary cortisol has been widely confirmed to be a valid and reliable indicator of the biological active and free fraction of cortisol levels (28) and corresponds well to serum cortisol levels both at rest and after exercise (37). For instance, salivary cortisol levels were elevated after a cycling above 70% of VO 2peak in men (37), after a running above 70% of peak heart rate (HR peak ) in 14-year-old boys and girls (6), and during incremental cycling in 17-year-old boys (21). However, information on the hormonal response to physical exercise in children is scarce and data on the hormonal response to HIIT is lacking (4,5,9,44).…”

Section: Hormonal Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Younmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, salivary concentration of cortisol, the main end product of the HPA axis, has emerged as an important biomarker for the psycho-physiological stress response (28) associated with prolonged (51) as well as high-intensity exercise (29,52) in adults, adolescents (21) and young children (4,5,7). Salivary cortisol has been widely confirmed to be a valid and reliable indicator of the biological active and free fraction of cortisol levels (28) and corresponds well to serum cortisol levels both at rest and after exercise (37).…”

Section: Hormonal Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Younmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormonal, Metabolic, and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Young and Adult Athletes to a Single Session of High-Intensity Cycle Exercise

Engel

Härtel²,

Strahler³

et al. 2014

Pediatric Exercise Science

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This study aimed to determine the effects of a single high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on salivary cortisol (SC) levels, physiological responses, and performance in trained boys and men. Twenty-three boys (11.5 ± 0.8 years) and 25 men (29.7 ± 4.6 years) performed HIIT (4 consecutive Wingate Anaerobic Tests). SC in boys and men increased after HIIT from 5.55 ± 3.3 nmol/l to 15.13 ± 9.7 nmol/l (+173%) and from 7.07 ± 4.7 nmol/l to 19.19 ± 12.7 nmol/l (+171%), respectively (p < .01). Pretest SC as well as posttest changes were comparable in both groups (both p < .01). Peak blood lactate concentration was significantly lower in boys (12.6 ± 3.5 mmol/l) than in men (16.3 ± 3.1 mmol/l; p < .01). Throughout the HIIT, mean heart rates in boys were higher (p < .001) but relative peak oxygen uptake (ml·min-1·kg-1; p < .05) and performance were lower (p < .001) in boys than in men. HIIT in young athletes is associated with a higher activation of the hormonal stress axis than other types of exercise regimes as described in the literature. This study is the first to show a pronounced SC increase to HIIT in trained boys accompanied by elevated levels of blood lactate concentrations and heart rate suggesting a high cardio-respiratory, metabolic, and hormonal response to HIIT in 11-year-old boys.

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Section: Hormonal Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Younmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Hormonal Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Younmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal, Metabolic, and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Young and Adult Athletes to a Single Session of High-Intensity Cycle Exercise

Engel

Härtel²,

Strahler³

et al. 2014

Pediatric Exercise Science

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“…Hackney et al 55 evaluated hormonal responses to incremental-stage exercise test to exhaustion in adolescents. Adolescents were tested at 16 years of age in Tanner Stage 4 and at 17 years of age in Tanner Stage 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

[ARTIGO RETRATADO] Exercício e suas interações com vários aspectos da vida do homem e dos animais

Gomes¹,

Rocha-e-Silva²

2012

Acta ortop. bras.

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To review recently published papers in the Brazilian Scientific press on the general subject of physical exercise. All articles published in 2010/2011 found through the keyword exercise were collected from 11 Brazilian Journals. They were hand filtered to exclude all but original research papers. They were grouped according to subject categories and subcategories. A brief summary of all included articles was produced, comparing similar articles between them. The most commonly found interactions refer to exercise vs. the cardiovascular system, metabolism and the locomotor system, in this order. The volume of scientific research in the field is high and of sufficient quality to justify highlighting.

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“…Estradiol and testosterone responses were highest in Tanner stage V [5] . In adolescent males aged 16-17 years, a higher testosterone response to a graded exercise protocol has been shown when the subjects were in Tanner stage V versus Tanner stage IV of genital development [15] . A 32% increase in testosterone concentrations was demonstrated in a study of junior elite weight lifters aged 16-18 years after a traditional weight lifting session involving high-intensity, high-speed resistance training exercises [16] .…”

Section: Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a slight tendency for cortisol levels of adolescents to be elevated at rest in comparison to the young adults. [15] .…”

Section: Adrenal Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Responses to Exercise in the Developing Child and Adolescent

Richmond¹,

Rogol²

2016

Frontiers of Hormone Research

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The impact of exercise training on the neuroendocrine control of the pituitary in the developing child is complex and the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Multiple determinants influence adaptive hypothalamic-pituitary secretory responses to physical stress, namely, training intensity and duration, nutrition and energy balance, gender, age, sex, and sexual maturation status. The increase in growth hormone (GH) in response to acute exercise is dependent on pubertal status; children in more advanced pubertal stages respond with larger peak GH concentrations compared to those in earlier stages. The adolescent female athlete is more prone to menstrual disorders than the more mature athlete, and recent data suggest that athletes may be able to reverse menstrual disorders by increasing their dietary energy intake without decreasing their exercise levels. The thyroid changes observed are of minor impact, practically reflecting the relative negative energy balance during strenuous exercise. Studies that evaluated changes in cortisol secretion during aerobic exercise in children and adolescents show either an increase or no change in response to the exercise bout. Recent research showed that physical activity is an important contributor to bone strength prior to adolescence and increasing levels of physical activity during childhood likely enhance optimal bone strength.

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Comparison of the hormonal responses to exhaustive incremental exercise in adolescent and young adult males

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Hormonal, Metabolic, and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Young and Adult Athletes to a Single Session of High-Intensity Cycle Exercise

Hormonal, Metabolic, and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Young and Adult Athletes to a Single Session of High-Intensity Cycle Exercise

[ARTIGO RETRATADO] Exercício e suas interações com vários aspectos da vida do homem e dos animais

Endocrine Responses to Exercise in the Developing Child and Adolescent

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