Prevalência de síndrome metabólica em uma área rural do semi-árido baiano

Abstract

RESUMOO crescimento de alterações da tolerância à glicose em populações rurais e a carência de dados nacionais sobre ocorrência de Síndrome Metabólica (SM) motivaram o desenvolvimento deste estudo de prevalência de SM no distrito rural de Cavunge, semi-árido baiano. Amostra aleatória de base populacional foi constituída por 240 indivíduos com idade ≥ 25 anos, 102 (42,5%) homens e 138 (57,5%) mulheres, idade média 49,5 ± 14,9, variando de 25 a 87 anos. Para diagnóstico, utilizou-se a I Diretriz Brasileira de Diagnóstico e Tratamento da SM. A prevalência bruta foi de 30,0% e, após ajustamento por idade, 24,8%. Freqüência de SM foi maior em mulheres (38,4%) que em homens (18,6%), mais elevada entre aqueles com idade ≥ 45 anos (41,4%) que naqueles com idade < 45 anos (15,9%). Estratificação por sexo e idade revelou prevalência maior entre mulheres com idade ≥ 45 anos (56,9%), possivelmente associada à menopausa. Presença de SM na ausência de seus componentes melhor estabelecidos, alteração da glicemia e obesidade, sugere a importância do diagnóstico sindrômico, sinalizado pelo elevado valor preditivo encontrado para algumas alterações metabólicas isoladas. A alta prevalência justifica atenção ao tratamento do conjunto da síndrome, retardando ou evitando conseqüências futuras, como diabetes e doença cardiovascular. ABSTRACT Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Semi-arid Rural Area in Bahia.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in a semi-arid rural area in Bahia, motivated by the increase of impaired glucose tolerance in rural populations and the scant national data about the occurrence of MS. Total sample involved 240 adults ≥ 25 years, randomly selected, 102 (42.5%) men and 138 (57.5%) women, mean age 49.5 ± 14.9, ranging from 25 to 87 years. Diagnosis was based on the I Diretriz Brasileira de Diagnóstico e Tratamento da SM. Crude prevalence was 30.0% while the age-adjusted prevalence was 24.8%. MS frequency was higher in women (38.4%) than in men (18.6%), more elevated among individuals with age ≥ 45 years (41.4%) than among those with age < 45 years (15.9%). Stratification performed according to sex and age revealed higher prevalence among women ≥ 45 years (56.9%), probably associated to menopause. Presence of MS in the absence of impaired fasting glycemia and obesity, namely its best-established constituents, suggests the importance of the syndromic diagnosis, indicated by the high predictive value of some isolated metabolic alterations. High prevalence of MS requires attention for the treatment of the whole syndrome, retarding or preventing future consequences, like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Síndrome metabólica em ambulatório cardiológico

“…The most prevalent components of MS in a study conducted in the rural area of the State of Bahia, Brazil 28 were low HDL-c (70.4%) and increased BP (57.1%), whereas in this study they were excess weight and obesity (92.9%), hypertension (87.2%) and hypertriglyceridemia (84.4%). In this study, abdominal obesity, excess weight and low HDL-c were more prevalent in the male gender, unlike in the study in Bahia, where these factors were more prevalent in the female gender.…”

“…In the city of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil 27 , the prevalence of MS according to NCEP ATPIII in 1,663 individuals aged between 25 and 64 years was 29.8%. In a rural area in the State of Bahia, Brazil, 240 individuals with age > 25 years were studied 28 , and according to the NCEP ATPIII definition, the prevalence of MS was 30% (38.4% in women and 18.6% in men). In the present study, the prevalence of MS, 54.4% according to NCEP and 63.6% according to IDF was higher than that found in the studies previously mentioned, because our sample was comprised of patients seen in outpatient cardiology clinics, …”

Metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: prevalence, characteristics and predictors

“…It is difficult to compare our data about prevalence of metabolic syndrome with that of metabolic syndrome in Brazil. The only data regarding its prevalence in Brazil comes from the semi-arid rural area of the Northeast region, in a predominantly Brazilian Mulatto and Black women population with more advanced age (29). Crude prevalence was 30.0%, while the age-adjusted prevalence was 24.8%.…”

Síndrome Metabólica, seus fenótipos e resistência à insulina pelo HOMA-RI

“…Naquele estudo, com base na prevalência estimada de diabetes, considerou-se uma amostra aleatória simples de 270 indivíduos (12).…”

“…A partir dos dados de um estudo de prevalência de SM (12), avaliamos o comportamento dos valores do índice HOMA-RI frente à síndrome e anormalidades associadas, com o intuito de determinar a possível associação de RI com SM, bem como os valores preditivos das suas alterações isoladas sobre aumento do índice.…”