Transportadores de glicose na síndrome metabólica

SummaryOne of the most recent phenomena related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the emergence of a new vulnerable population: the elderly. One of the factors that account for this increase is the development of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), which has provided better quality of life and life expectancy for HIV-positive patients. However, ART is associated with adverse effects such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Due to the impact of ART on lipid and glucose metabolism, many studies were published involving HIV infection and cardiovascular disease, as well as their risk factors and the use of ART, but few of them reported on the cardiotoxicity of this therapy in the elderly. The objective of this study is to review the main metabolic changes caused by the use of antiretroviral therapy and its impact on an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly people with HIV.

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“…Hypertriglyceridemia accounts for the increased insulin resistance, which can lead to diabetes mellitus type II [38][39][40] .…”

Section: Metabolic Abnormalities In Individuals With Hiv Changes In Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterações metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral e doença cardiovascular em idosos portadores de HIV

Krämer

Lazzarotto

Sprinz

et al. 2009

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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“…In the basal state, GLUT4 is associated to intracellular vesicles making up the microsomal membranes associated with the transgolgi apparatus and/or transverse tubules from the adipose and muscle tissue. Under insulin stimulation, GLUT4 migrates from microsomes (M) to the plasma membrane (PM), contributing with about a 40% increase in glucose uptake (8). Studies have shown that physical activity can increase the expression of the intracellular elements of the insulin signaling pathway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoke exposure severely reduces peripheral insulin sensitivity without changing GLUT4 expression in oxidative muscle of Wistar rats

Ebersbach-Silva

Alves

Fonseca

et al. 2013

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of exposure to cigarette smoke and running training on a treadmill on the expression of glucose transporter GLUT4 in oxidative soleus muscle of rats. Materials and methods: Wistar rats were divided into: (C) control, (E) exercise control, (SS), sedentary smoker, and (ES) exercise smoker. Insulin Tolerance Test, Western blotting, and RT--PCR were performed for the evaluation of GLUT4 levels. Results: The SS group presented lower insulin sensitivity with reduced GLUT4 protein in the plasma membrane (PM), no changes in the microsomal fraction, but increased mRNA content. Training reversed this condition. No intervention altered total GLUT4 content of the oxidative muscle. Conclusion: These results suggest that passive smoking stimulates GLUT4 transcription without changing total protein content, but impairs the ability of GLUT4 translocation to the PM. On the other hand, training seems to reduce the deleterious effects, even under the influence of cigarette smoking. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2013;57(1):19-26 Keywords Cigarette smoking; training; glucose transporter; GLUT4; insulin resistance; oxidative muscle RESUMO Objective: Avaliar o efeito da exposição à fumaça de cigarro e do treinamento de corrida em esteira rolante sobre a expressão do transportador de glicose GLUT4 no músculo oxidativo solear de ratos. Materiais e métodos: Ratos Wistar foram divididos em: (C) controle, (E) exercitado, (SS) fumante sedentário e (ES) fumante exercitado. Foram realizados testes de tolerância à insulina, Western Blotting e RT-PCR para avaliação da expressão de GLUT4. Resultados: O grupo SS apresentou menor sensibilidade à insulina, com redução de proteína GLUT4 na membrana plasmática (MP), sem alteração na fração microssomal, e conteúdo de RNAm aumentado. O treinamento reverteu esse quadro. Nenhuma intervenção alterou o conteúdo total de GLUT4 no músculo oxidativo. Conclusão: Esses resultados sugerem que o fumo estimula a transcrição de GLUT4 sem alterar o conteúdo total de proteína, porém prejudica a capacidade de translocação para a MP. Já o treinamento em esteira parece, mesmo sob influência do cigarro, reduzir seus efeitos deletérios. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2013;57(1):19-26 Descritores

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“…Although the levels of these hormones were within the normal range, hormone reductions are supported by the literature. The metabolic syndrome is directly related to a decrease in pancreatic β-cells and muscle glucose transporters, reducing glucoseinduced insulin secretion and increasing peripheral insulin resistance 34 . In contrast, reduction of adipose tissue has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism in the SIRT1 gene and parameters of metabolic syndrome in a sample of the adult Brazilian population

et al. 2016

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Objective: To evaluate whether the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) of the gene SIRT1 is associated with metabolic syndrome criteria in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: Serum samples and oral mucosal cells were collected from 243 subjects aged 30 to 70 years. Biochemical, hormonal, and anthropometric data were obtained. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using the amplification refractory mutation system. Results: Among the 243 study subjects, 100 (41.15%) were classified as non-metabolic syndrome and 143 (58.85%), as metabolic syndrome. The frequency of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) did not differ between the groups. However, 111 patients (45.67%) were overweight (body mass index: 25-29.9 kg/m2). Blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, waist and hip circumferences, and blood pressure were higher in the metabolic syndrome group than in the non-metabolic syndrome group. Free thyroxine 4, grown hormone, and insulin levels were within the normal range. The metabolic conditions of the patients with metabolic syndrome indicate biochemical, anthropometric, and hormonal changes characteristic of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The SIRT1 polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) is not associated with the metabolic syndrome in the adult Brazilian population.

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Transportadores de glicose na síndrome metabólica

Cited by 29 publications

References 92 publications

Alterações metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral e doença cardiovascular em idosos portadores de HIV

Alterações metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral e doença cardiovascular em idosos portadores de HIV

Cigarette smoke exposure severely reduces peripheral insulin sensitivity without changing GLUT4 expression in oxidative muscle of Wistar rats

Polymorphism in the SIRT1 gene and parameters of metabolic syndrome in a sample of the adult Brazilian population

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