Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares da cidade de Santos, SP

Abstract

RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo populacional foi verificar as prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Santos, SP. Foram avaliadas crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade, num total de 10.822 crianças. Para a determinação de sobrepeso e obesidade foram utilizados, respectivamente, os percentis 85 e 95 do IMC por idade propostos pelos Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -CDC (2000). As prevalências totais de sobrepeso e obesidade foram de 15,7% (IC 95%= 15,0% a 16,4%) e 18,0% (17,3% a 18,7%), respectivamente. A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 13,7% (12,6% a 14,8%) nos meninos e 14,8% (13,7% a 15,9%) nas meninas das escolas públicas. Nas escolas particulares, foi de 17,7% (15,7% a 19,7%) nos meninos e 22,2% (20,0% a 24,4%) nas meninas. A obesidade foi prevalente em 16,9% (15,7% a 18,1%) dos meninos e 14,3% (13,2% a 15,4%) das meninas das escolas públicas. Nas escolas particulares, 29,8% (27,4% a 32,2%) dos meninos e 20,3% (18,2% a 22,4%) das meninas foram diagnosticados como obesos. Concluímos que a prevalência de obesidade é superior à de estudos nacionais e latino-americanos. Escolas privadas apresentaram prevalên-cia de obesidade maior que escolas públicas (p= 0,001). The aim of this population-based study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in public and private schools of Santos city, Brazil. We evaluated a total of 10,822 children aged 7 to 10 years old. Determination of overweight and obesity was obtained by the 85 th and 95 th percentiles of BMI for age, respectively, as proposed by CDC in 2000. The overall prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 15.7% (CI 95%= 15.0% to 16.4%) and 18.0% (17.3% to 18.7%), respectively. The prevalence of overweight was 13.7% (12.6% a 14.8%) in boys and 14.8% (13.7% a 15.9%) in girls of public schools. In private schools, the rates were 17.7% (15.7% to 19.7%) in boys and 22.2% (20.0% to 24.4%) in girls. Obesity was found in 16.9% (15.7% to 18.1%) of the boys and 14.3% (13.2% to 15.4%) of the girls of public schools. In the private schools, 29.8% (27.4% to 32.2%) of the boys and 20.3% (18.2% to 22.4%) of the girls were obese. We concluded that the prevalence of obesity in public and private schools in the city of Santos is higher than other studies conducted in Brazil and in other countries of Latin America. Private schools showed higher prevalence rates of obesity than public schools (p= 0.001).

Association between eating patterns and body mass index in a sample of children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil

“…Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State (3.1% obese; 8.4% overweight) 41 . However, the prevalence is lower than the one found in studies conducted in Fortaleza in Ceará State (19.5% obese and overweight) 42 , and Santos in São Paulo State (18% obese; 15.7% overweight) 43 . With factor analysis, two food consumption patterns were identified: (1) the "obesogenic" pattern composed of sweets and sugars, typical Brazilian dishes, pastries, fast food, oils, milk, cereals, cakes, and sauces; and (2) the "prudent" pattern composed of roots, legumes, fruits, and leafy vegetables.…”

Clustering of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in low-income, female adolescents

“…Considering this finding, it is important to emphasize that 42.9% of the adolescents evaluated in the present study showed the prevalence of two or more factors. Therefore, even though previous studies (23)(24)(25)(26) have evidenced that the prevalence of overweight and obesity, which may seem to the trigger for several cardiovascular and metabolic changes, is greater in private schools and in better socioeconomic conditions, data of the present study show that low-income female adolescents also have an important cardiometabolic risk profile.…”

Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade entre crianças de 7 a 10 anos atendidas em uma unidade de Estratégia Saúde da Família - ESF

“…Isso concorda com outra pesquisa realizada em Santos (SP), que também mostrou prevalência de obesidade superior a de sobrepeso. 11 No presente estudo, a maior prevalência de obesidade pode ser um viés devido ao valor baixo de N, sendo recomendável estudos com maior número de participantes para avaliar essa relação.…”