Restinga forests of the Brazilian coast: richness and abundance of tree species on different soils

Magnago, Luiz Fernando Silva; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio; Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud; Neri, Andreza Viana

doi:10.1590/s0001-37652012000300023

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Coastland dwarf forests are characterized by a rather different species composition, with a predominance of Clusia spp., Eugenia spp., Myrcia spp., and Myrsine spp. (Magnago et al 2012)abundance and richness of species along a forest gradient with varying soils and flood regimes. The forests are located on the left bank of the lower Jucu River, in Jacarenema Natural Municipal Park, Espírito Santo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species composition in areas of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil is consistent with a new system for classifying the vegetation of South America

Eisenlohr

Oliveira‐Filho

2014

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Rigorous and well-defined criteria for the classification of vegetation constitute a prerequisite for effective biodiversity conservation strategies. In 2009, a new classification system was proposed for vegetation types in extra-Andean tropical and subtropical South America. The new system expanded upon the criteria established in the existing Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics classification system. Here, we attempted to determine whether the tree species composition of the formations within the Atlantic Forest Biome of Brazil is consistent with this new classification system. We compiled floristic surveys of 394 sites in southeastern Brazil (between 15° and 25°S; and between the Atlantic coast and 55°W). To assess the floristic consistency of the vegetation types, we performed non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination analysis, followed by multifactorial ANOVA. The vegetation types, especially in terms of their thermal regimes, elevational belts and top-tier vegetation categories, were consistently discriminated in the first NMDS axis, and all assessed attributes showed at least one significant difference in the second axis. As was expected on the basis of the theoretical background, we found that tree species composition, in the areas of Atlantic Forest studied, was highly consistent with the new system of classification. Our findings not only help solidify the position of this new classification system but also contribute to expanding the knowledge of the patterns and underlying driving forces of the distribution of vegetation in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species composition in areas of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil is consistent with a new system for classifying the vegetation of South America

Eisenlohr

Oliveira‐Filho

2014

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…Costa Rica is dominated by primary and secondary tropical rain forests with sparse open clearings whereas Cardoso Island corresponds to a "resting" ecoregion (i.e., coastal vegetation located on nutrient-poor sand deposits; Magnago et al, 2012). Tank bromeliads are flowering plants that accumulate rainwater in their leaf rosettes creating an aquatic habitat-from a few milliliters up to several liters of water per plant-for a diverse community of macroinvertebrates (e.g., Diptera, Coleoptera, Haplotaxida, Ostracoda; Dézerald et al, 2013).…”

Section: Multidimensional Stoichiometric Niche In Practice: Demonstramentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multidimensional Stoichiometric Niche

et al. 2017

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The niche concept is essential to understanding how biotic and abiotic factors regulate the abundance and distribution of living entities, and how these organisms utilize, affect and compete for resources in the environment. However, it has been challenging to determine the number and types of important niche dimensions. By contrast, there is strong mechanistic theory and empirical evidence showing that the elemental composition of living organisms shapes ecological systems, from organismal physiology to food web structure. We propose an approach based on a multidimensional elemental view of the ecological niche. Visualizing the stoichiometric composition of individuals in multivariate space permits quantification of niche dimensions within and across species. This approach expands on previous elemental characterizations of plant niches, and adapts metrics of niche volume, overlap and nestedness previously used to quantify isotopic niches. We demonstrate the applicability of the multidimensional stoichiometric niche using data on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus of terrestrial and freshwater communities composed by multiple trophic groups. First, we calculated the stoichiometric niche volumes occupied by terrestrial and freshwater food webs, by trophic groups, by individual species, and by individuals within species, which together give a measure of the extent of stoichiometric diversity within and across levels of organization. Then we evaluated complementarity between these stoichiometric niches, through metrics of overlap and nestedness. Our case study showed that vertebrates, invertebrates, and primary producers do not overlap in their stoichiometric niches, and that large areas of stoichiometric space are unoccupied by organisms. Within invertebrates, niche differences emerged between freshwater and terrestrial food webs, and between herbivores and non-herbivores (detritivores and predators). These niche differences were accompanied by changes in the covariance structure of the three elements, suggesting fundamental shifts in organismal physiology and/or structure. We also demonstrate the sensitivity of results to sample size, and suggest that representative sampling is better than rarefaction in characterizing the stoichiometric niche occupied by food webs. Overall, our approach demonstrates that stoichiometric traits provide a common currency to estimate the dimensionality of stoichiometric niches, and help reduce and rationalize the number of axis required to characterize communities.

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“…This vegetation is characterized by a mix of patches of mediumsized trees where the water table is near the surface, and shrub patches where the water table is deeper in the soil (Magnago et al 2012). Cardoso and Macae are restinga ecosystems, a type of coastal vegetation located on nutrient-poor sand deposits from the Quaternary period.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: a geographically‐replicated test using tank bromeliads

Farjalla

González

Céréghino

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Food webs of freshwater ecosystems can be subsidized by allochthonous resources. However, it is still unknown which environmental factors regulate the relative consumption of allochthonous resources in relation to autochthonous resources. Here, we evaluated the importance of allochthonous resources (litterfall) for the aquatic food webs in Neotropical tank bromeliads, a naturally replicated aquatic microcosm. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled in more than 100 bromeliads within either open or shaded habitats and within five geographically distinct sites located in four different countries. Using stable isotope analyses, we determined that allochthonous sources comprised 74% (±17%) of the food resources of aquatic invertebrates. However, the allochthonous contribution to aquatic invertebrates strongly decreased from shaded to open habitats, as light incidence increased in the tanks. The density of detritus in the tanks had no impact on the importance of allochthonous sources to aquatic invertebrates. This overall pattern held for all invertebrates, irrespective of the taxonomic or functional group to which they belonged. We concluded that, over a broad geographic range, aquatic food webs of tank bromeliads are mostly allochthonous-based, but the relative importance of allochthonous subsidies decreases when light incidence favors autochthonous primary production. These results suggest that, for other freshwater systems, some of the between-study variation in the importance of allochthonous subsidies may similarly be driven by the relative availability of autochthonous resources.

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Restinga forests of the Brazilian coast: richness and abundance of tree species on different soils

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Tree species composition in areas of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil is consistent with a new system for classifying the vegetation of South America

Tree species composition in areas of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil is consistent with a new system for classifying the vegetation of South America

The Multidimensional Stoichiometric Niche

Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: a geographically‐replicated test using tank bromeliads

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