Phospholipid fatty acids from Colombian Caribbean sea sponges

Abstract

Five demosponges belonging to the order Axinellida: Axinella corrugata, Dragmacidon alvarezae, Dragmacidon reticulatum, Ptilocaulis walpersi, Myrmekioderma rea and one sponge belonging to the order Scopalinida: Scopalina ruetzleri were analyzed to assess their fatty acid composition in the phospholipid fraction. Additionally, the seasonal and intraspecific variation in fatty acids composition was assessed in M. rea and D. alvarezae. Fatty acid identification was conducted using an HRGC-MS with an ECL value of methyl ester derivatives, and analyzing their mass spectra. To confirm double bound location, N-acylpyrrolidide derivatives were used studying their mass spectra. In total, 83 fatty acids were identified with chain lengths ranging from C14 to C32. Interestingly, brominated fatty acids were identified, previously suggested for sponges. Polybranched fatty acids such as 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoic acid (4,8,12-TMTD) and 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic (phytanic acid) were found, without a clear distribution pattern. A predominance of iso-acids (i-15:0 and i-17:0) on anteiso acids were observed. Some seasonal variations in fatty acid (FA) compositions for M. rea and D. alvarezae were observed. The hierarchical Clusters Analysis (HCA) showed that the FA composition was speciesspecific but not informative at the family or order level.

Marine natural products

“…Hierarchical cluster analysis of the data indicated that fatty acid composition is descriptive of species but did not provide insight at the family or order levels; brominated fatty acids were a common subclass detected. 519 A large study of 43 individual Latrunculid sponges has assessed variability of pyrroloiminoquinone metabolites, an important and commonly encountered class of MNP from this family, with distinctive species-dependent proles across over 200 individually detected metabolites. 520 A MS-based protocol for discovery of proline-rich cyclic peptides has been described.…”

“…Hierarchical cluster analysis of the data indicated that fatty acid composition is descriptive of species but did not provide insight at the family or order levels; brominated fatty acids were a common subclass detected. 519…”