Malignant melanoma with synchronous thyroid metastases: case report and literature review

Belo, Sandra; Capela-Costa, João; Costa, Joana; Carvalho, Davide

doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000251

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Some studies have shown a higher incidence in women, while others have reported the opposite results; our data support the former. 10 Additionally, our data showed that at the time of diagnosis, 42 (76.4%) patients had multiple organ metastases (lung, liver, bone, and brain), which was similar (35%-80%) to previous results. 11 It has been reported that STTs from renal and breast cancer are usually single metastatic foci, which are consistent with our data.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Tumor Biology is King: Secondary Tumors of the Thyroid From 2 Medical Centers in China

Zheng

Gao

et al. 2020

Cancer Control

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Background: We studied the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of secondary tumors of the thyroid (STTs) and analyzed this rare phenomenon based on our clinical experience. Methods: We reviewed 16 000 malignant thyroid tumors diagnosed at 2 medical centers in China from 1978 to 2018, including 55 patients with STTs. Results: The most frequent primary tumor sites included lung (21.8%), gastrointestinal (18.2%), breast (14.5%), and kidney (12.7%). The median age at STT diagnosis was 56 years. The time from diagnosis of primary tumor to metastases to the thyroid ranged from 0 to 108 months, with the longest interval being for renal cell carcinoma (RCC; mean: 49 months). There were 22 cases of single metastatic foci and 33 cases of multiple metastatic foci. At the time of STT diagnosis, 42 patients had multiple organ metastases and 13 patients had only thyroid metastases. Thyroid function was examined in 50 patients, including 23 with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Metastases were diagnosed histologically and confirmed by negative immunohistochemistry for thyroid markers. Twenty-one patients were treated with resection, including total thyroidectomy in 14 and unilateral lobectomy in 7. Thirty-four patients were treated without resection, but 2 were treated with tracheotomy. The median survival time of all patients with metastasis was 10 months (range: 1-96 months). Patients with primary RCC had the best prognosis (median survival time: 52 months), followed by patients with breast cancer (33 months). Patients who underwent thyroid surgery had a better prognosis than patients without thyroid surgery. Patients with single metastatic foci or single organ metastases had a better prognosis than patients with multiple metastatic foci or multiple organ metastases. Conclusions: Metastasis to the thyroid is a rare clinical phenomenon, and sometimes a diagnosis of STT is difficult; so, we need to pay more attention to it. While prognosis appears to be related to surgery or some characteristics of metastatic spread, these data suggest it is more complex. Tumor biology is king; in fact, prognosis was mainly related to the biological behavior of the primary tumor. We cannot only opt for surgery; thus, case selection is important, and the treatment strategy for STT patients should be determined individually according to their specific biological behaviors.

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Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Tumor Biology is King: Secondary Tumors of the Thyroid From 2 Medical Centers in China

Zheng

Gao

et al. 2020

Cancer Control

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“…The prevalence of synchronous non-thyroidal cancers in patients on surgical therapy of papillary thyroid cancer is approximately 14 % (25). The third most frequently associated synchronous non-thyroidal cancers is melanoma (26). When comparing with patients without another malignancy, those with an non-thyroidal cancers were elderly (56.4 ± 15.5 years) and had been exposed to radiation (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When comparing with patients without another malignancy, those with an non-thyroidal cancers were elderly (56.4 ± 15.5 years) and had been exposed to radiation (27). Studies have shown that pathohistological features of papillary thyroid cancers are similar in patients with non-thyroidal cancer compared with ones in patients without additional malignancy (26,27). Despite the fact that patients with an non-thyroidal cancers were detected at a more severe level of disease than those without, additional estimation of each TNM category have shown absence of statistical distinction in the primary tumor size, or the rate of nodal or distant metastases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous Neck Melanoma and Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report

Pantelic

Zunjic

Ružičić

et al. 2021

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

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Introduction: The synchronous malignant melanoma of the neck and papillary thyroid cancer is rare but severe condition. Here, we describe the case of a patient with papillary thyroid cancer and melanoma invasivum cutis. Case report: A 49-year-old man had a change on the neck at the last 3-4 months that he accidentally noticed. He had hoarse voice, was afebrile, did not sweat more than usual and feel exhausted, without rash or itching. MR examination of the neck and upper mediastinum before the surgery indicated a hyperintense focal change in the left thyroid gland which dimensions was 19 x 15 mm and several hyperintense inhomogeneous lymph glands of the jugular chain, on the both sides, with different sizes. On the basis of the conducted analyzes, in addition to total thyroidectomy, two-sided functional dissection of the lymph nodes of the neck was performed. The pathohistological diagnosis of the left lobus was: Carcinoma papillary glandulae thyreoideae invasivum (G-I, nG-I, pT2, Lx, Vo). CT of head, neck and thorax were made, where it was noticed that the CT of the head and lungs were normal. PET/CT findings indicated that there was no rest or recurrence of the tumor. Conclusion: The message from this case report is that when diagnosing and treating thyroid cancer, the observed changes in the neck lymph nodes also indicate cancers of non-thyroid pathology such as malignant melanoma.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Renal, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal cancers are the most frequent primary sources, but metastasis of malignant melanoma to the thyroid has been described as well. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Even rarer is the presentation of tumorto-tumor metastasis of a distant malignancy to a synchronous thyroid neoplasm, being cited only in a handful of case reports and small case series. [10][11][12][13][14][15] To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one prior reported case of tumor-to-tumor metastasis of a cutaneous malignant melanoma to a synchronous thyroid malignancy, which was a non-Hurthle cell follicular carcinoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metastatic spread of malignancy to the thyroid gland is uncommon 1‐4 . Renal, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal cancers are the most frequent primary sources, but metastasis of malignant melanoma to the thyroid has been described as well 3‐9 . Even rarer is the presentation of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis of a distant malignancy to a synchronous thyroid neoplasm, being cited only in a handful of case reports and small case series 10‐15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma

et al. 2020

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We report a case of tumor-to-tumor metastasis of a cutaneous malignant melanoma to a synchronous thyroid Hurthle cell carcinoma. A 42-year-old male underwent a biopsy of right inguinal lymphadenopathy which showed metastatic melanoma. The primary lesion was identified on his right posterior leg, and staging workup discovered a synchronous left thyroid lobe nodule concerning for a follicular neoplasm. He underwent excision of the primary melanoma, right inguinal lymphadenectomy, and total thyroidectomy. The resected thyroid contained a 6.6-cm, well-encapsulated left-sided nodule, red-brown in color and homogenous in consistency, with areas of focal hemorrhage and no grossly identifiable calcification. Microscopically, large tumor cells with distinct cell borders were present, with deeply eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm, large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and loss of polarity consistent with oncocytes. A microscopic single focus of vascular invasion was identified, and a diagnosis of angioinvasive Hurthle cell carcinoma was made. Within the Hurthle cell carcinoma, multiple deposits of metastatic melanoma were seen. These findings were indicative of tumor-to-tumor metastasis of the cutaneous melanoma to the angioinvasive Hurthle cell carcinoma. Our findings show the ability of melanoma to metastasize to a pre-existing neoplasm.

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Malignant melanoma with synchronous thyroid metastases: case report and literature review

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Tumor Biology is King: Secondary Tumors of the Thyroid From 2 Medical Centers in China

Tumor Biology is King: Secondary Tumors of the Thyroid From 2 Medical Centers in China

Synchronous Neck Melanoma and Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report

A case of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma

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