Association between antiretrovirals and thyroid diseases: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of thyroid diseases and anti-TPO status. We searched for an association among presence of immune reconstitution and use of stavudine, didanosine and protease inhibitors with thyroid diseases. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the records of 117 HIV-infected patients who had their CD4 + cell count, viral load, anti-TPO, TSH and free T 4 levels collected on the same day. Immune reconstitution was considered in those whose T CD4 + count was below 200 cells/mm³, but these values increased above 200 cells/mm³ after the use of antiretrovirals. The odds ratio obtained by a 2x2 contingency table and a chi-square test were used to measure the association between categorical variables. Results: The prevalence of thyroid disease was 34.18%; of these, 4.34% were positive for anti-TPO. There was an association of risk between stavudine use and subclinical hypothyroidism (OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.29 to 13.59, X² = 6.37, p = 0.01). Immune reconstitution achieved protection associated with thyroid disease that was near statistical significance OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.19 to 1.04, X² = 3.55, p = 0.059. Conclusion:The prevalence of thyroid disease in the sample studied was higher than what had been found in the literature, with a low positive anti-TPO frequency. The historical use of stavudine has an association of risk for the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism, and immune reconstitution has trends towards protection for the presence of thyroid diseases. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(2):116-22

Drug-Induced Hypothyroidism during Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Notes from the Field

“…PAS and ethionamide are known to cause hypothyroidism [4]. Anti-retroviral drugs (stavudine, didanosine, and protease inhibitors) used for treatment of HIV can also cause hypothyroidism [5]. According to studies carried out elsewhere, 54% – 69% of patients might develop hypothyroidism during treatment for MDR-TB [6]–[8].…”

Somatic and gynecologic anamnesis in HIV-infected patients in ART programms

“…Скорее всего, это обусловлено пере-несенной в прошлом акушерской и гинекологиче-ской патологией у данных пациенток, что способ-ствует формированию хронического воспалительно-го процесса матки и придатков и, как следствие, на-рушению проходимости маточных труб и возникно-вению хронического эндометрита, что снижает шан-сы на имплантацию эмбриона [18]. По мнению не-которых авторов [19], вирусные белки (ВИЧ) могут быть обнаружены в клетках трофобласта, амниоти-ческом эпителии, децидуальной ткани, что также способствует развитию и поддержанию хроническо-го воспаления.…”

Drug-induced hypothyroidism during anti-tuberculosis treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: Notes from the field

“…PAS and ethionamide are known to cause hypothyroidism [4]. Antiretroviral drugs (stavudine, didanosine, and protease inhibitors) used for treatment of HIV can also cause hypothyroidism [5]. According to studies carried out elsewhere, 54% -69% of patients might develop hypothyroidism during treatment for MDR-TB [6]- [8].…”