Sintomas sensoriais em pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a ocorrência dos sintomas sensoriais em pacientes pré e pós-tireoidectomia. Método Tratou-se de um estudo prospectivo, quantitativo e descritivo. Participaram 12 pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia, que realizaram exame visual laríngeo e responderam aos questionários de Vias Aéreas Digestivas Superior e Escala de Desconforto do Trato Vocal pré e pós-cirurgia. Resultados Houve maior ocorrência de fadiga vocal, rouquidão, sensação de bolo na garganta, garganta seca e pigarro no pré-operatório. Houve maior ocorrência de rouquidão, fadiga, pigarro e sensação de bolo na garganta no pós-operatório. Quanto aos sintomas sensoriais de desconforto do trato vocal, no pré-operatório, houve maior frequência e intensidade de secura e, no pós-operatório, maior frequência de coceira e maior intensidade de garganta irritada, sensível e bola na garganta. Houve redução do sintoma de engasgo e da frequência/intensidade do sintoma de secura na garganta pré e pós-tireoidectomia. Em relação à frequência/intensidade dos sintomas sensoriais de desconforto do trato vocal, em ambos os momentos, houve redução da secura. Conclusão Os pacientes apresentam sintomas sensoriais de vias aéreas digestivas superiores e de desconforto do trato vocal tanto no pré quanto no pós-operatório, caracterizados pela autorreferência de rouquidão, fadiga vocal, sensação de bola na garganta e pigarro, assim como secura, garganta irritada, garganta sensível e bola na garganta. Houve redução na referência dos sintomas sensoriais de engasgo e frequência/intensidade de secura pós-tireoidectomia.

Frequência combinada de queixas relacionadas à deglutição e voz antes da tireoidectomia

“…As expected, this group of patients had a higher number of symptoms in both functions compared to those whose self-assessment was positive. This result is in line with the literature, indicating that voice (1,11,(14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20)(21) and swallowing (1,4,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(21)(22)(23) symptoms may be reported by patients referred for thyroidectomy. This is especially due to the compressive characteristics of thyroid disease, in addition to hormonal changes and impairment of laryngeal mobility or laryngotracheal complex (1,4) .…”

“…Regarding voice, there was a predominance of physical symptoms such as dry throat, throat clearing, and itchy throat, with dry throat being the most recurrent. Physical symptoms were also the most reported in other studies that investigated voice complaints before thyroidectomy (18,20,21) . Although the symptom of dry throat has already been mentioned in other studies (8,21) , there is no clear justification in the literature to explain its occurrence in these patients.…”

“…Physical symptoms were also the most reported in other studies that investigated voice complaints before thyroidectomy (18,20,21) . Although the symptom of dry throat has already been mentioned in other studies (8,21) , there is no clear justification in the literature to explain its occurrence in these patients. It is possible that inadequate hydration or vocal effort may be related to dry throat (21) , also cited as a symptom associated with adverse effects of voice-related medications (25) .…”

“…Although the symptom of dry throat has already been mentioned in other studies (8,21) , there is no clear justification in the literature to explain its occurrence in these patients. It is possible that inadequate hydration or vocal effort may be related to dry throat (21) , also cited as a symptom associated with adverse effects of voice-related medications (25) . Although medications used by patients were not a controlled variable in this study, it should not be ruled out as a possible explanation for dry throat complaints.…”

“…Stasis may also be referred to as a foreign body sensation in the throat and is cited in the literature as a frequent symptom in patients with thyroid disease (1,4,13,(15)(16)(17)21,22) . Therefore, it is assumed that in attempting to minimize the discomfort caused by the permanence of residues in the laryngopharynx, the patient develops throat clearing after swallowing, referred to in this study as the most frequent symptom among all related to swallowing.…”