Physiological response of soybean seeds to spray volumes of industrial chemical treatment and storage in different environments

Abstract

The increase in spray volumes in industrial seed treatments may increase the deterioration and reduce the physiological potential of seeds, especially when stored in unfavorable environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spray volumes obtained by the combination of different chemical products, via industrial treatment, on the physiological potential of soybean seeds during storage in different environments. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The factors were five spray volumes (0, 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mL.100 kg-1 of seeds), obtained from the combination of different products in commercial use, and three storage periods (0, 60 and 120 days), evaluated separately in two environments (storage without climate control and cold storage). The following variables were evaluated: germination, first germination count, seedling emergence in sand, emergence speed index, seedling length (total, shoot, and root) and dry matter (shoot and root). The physiological potential of soybean seeds is reduced by increasing the spray volume used in the industrial treatment and by prolonging the storage period. However, this effect is mitigated by the controlled conditions of cold storage.

Computerized analysis of seedling performance in evaluating the phytotoxicity of chemical treatment of soybean seeds

“…This harmful effect likely occurred due to the presence of the insecticides because, as previously reported, the mixture of fungicides with micronutrients did not cause phytotoxicity in seedlings. These results reinforce the need for attention to the combination of products one intends to apply on soybean seeds, as reported by Abati et al (2020) and Brzezinski et al (2017) in other studies with the crop.…”

“…Many technologies are available for chemical treatment of soybean seeds, including mixtures of active ingredients (fungicides, insecticides, and nematicides), biological products (inoculants and biostimulants), micronutrients (cobalt, molybdenum, and zinc), and coating products (polymer and drying powder) (França-Neto et al, 2016). This range of products reinforces the need for testing their effectiveness in a rapid and precise manner, since certain combinations may compromise the physiological potential of soybean seeds (Brzezinski et al, 2017;Abati et al, 2020).…”

“…Especially soil pathogenic fungi and insect pests can have negative impacts in the initial stages of crop development (França-Neto et al, 2016) and on establishing plant stand. Mixtures of determined active ingredients are widely used in chemical treatment, but these mixtures may be phytotoxic to seeds and thus reduce their physiological potential ( Abati et al, 2018;Santos et al, 2018;Abati et al, 2020).…”

Potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja submetidas ao tratamento industrial com bioestimulante antes e após armazenamento / Physiological potential of soybean seeds submitted to industrial treatment with biostimulant before and after storage

“…Os resultados observados na (Tabela 8), para a variável IVE, indicam que quando comparadas as médias dos tratamentos individuais em relação aos períodos houve diferenças significativas, em que o TSI3 apresentou-se superior aos demais aos 0 dias de armazenamento. Resultados semelhantes foram observados por Abati, et al, (2020) principalmente quando as mesmas são armazenadas por meses antes da semeadura. No que concerne ao armazenamento, em relação aos períodos 0 e 90, o TSI4 diferiu de todos os demais, ao passo que também diferiu de TSI2 e TSI3 aos períodos 15 45 e 60.…”

“…Segundo Pêgo et al, (2011), o comprimento de plântulas inteiras é inferior em plântulas oriundas de lotes menos vigorosos. Todavia, é importante destacar que além do baixo vigor, o elevado volume de calda em conjunto com longos períodos em que sementes tratadas permanecem armazenadas implicam na redução do potencial fisiológico das sementes (Abati et al, 2020). Binsfeld et al, (2014) apontam incremento no comprimento de raiz e comprimento da parte aérea em sementes tratadas com bioestimulantes, esses resultados por sua vez são decorrentes da indução da divisão celular (Sakakibara, 2006; Jameson e Song, 2020) e alongamento celular (Gelová et al, 2021) promovidos pelos fitohormônios citocinina e auxina, posto que, estes hormônios vegetais atuam no desenvolvimento de frutos e sementes.…”