Physiological potential of maize seeds submitted to different treatments and storage periods

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate seed germination and vigor of maize subjected to different products and storage periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot on time. In the plots were distributed nine treatments: an untreated control, one treatment called "standard treatment", with addition of fungicide (fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M) and insecticide (thiamethoxam). From the standard treatment, six treatments with combinations of inoculant (Azospirillum brasilense), micronutrients (nitrogen + potassium + zinc + boron + copper + iron + manganese + molibdenium) and bioregulator. Lastly, a treatment called "complete treatment" including all products. In subplots the storage periods of zero, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days were evaluated. Seed vigour of maize was reduced by seed treatments and storage. Micronutrients addition resulted in higher fitotoxicity in comparison to the addition of other products, regardless of storage period. The treatment with the combination of fungicide, insecticide and inoculant proved to be feasible, and was the most promising seed treatments. None of the studied treatments affected the germination in up to 45 days of storage, however the complete treatment with 3200 mL .100 kg -1 reduced seed vigour.Potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho submetidas a diferentes tratamentos e períodos de armazenamento RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a germinação e vigor das sementes de milho submetidas a diferentes produtos e períodos de armazenamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo. Na parcela foram distribuídos nove tratamentos: uma testemunha não tratada, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento padrão", com adição de fungicida (fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M) e inseticida (thiamethoxam). A partir do tratamento padrão, seis tratamentos com combinações de inoculante (Azospirillum brasilense), micronutrientes (nitrogen + potassium + zinc + boron + copper + iron + manganese + molibdenium) e biorregulador. Por fim, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento completo", incluindo todos os produtos. Na subparcela, os períodos de armazenamento 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 e 90 dias foram avaliados. O vigor das sementes de milho foi reduzido pelos tratamentos de sementes e pelo armazenamento. A adição de micronutrientes resultou em maior fitotoxicidade em comparação à adição de outros produtos, independente do período de armazenamento. O uso de fungicida, inseticida e inoculante se mostram viáveis, como os mais promissores tratamentos de sementes. Nenhum dos tratamentos estudados afetaram a germinação até 45 dias de armazenamento, porém o tratamento completo, com 3200 mL. 100 kg -1 reduziu o vigor de sementes.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, tratamento químico, germinação, vigor.1

Chemical treatment and size of corn seed on physiological and sanitary quality during storage

“…Horri and Shetty (2007) found that decreases in the viability and vigor of seeds treated with insecticides are not only due to the metabolic changes caused by possible phytotoxic effects of the products, but may also be attributed to damage to cell membranes. Mariucci et al (2018) likewise observed reduction in vigor of maize seeds treated with the combination of fungicides, insecticides, and inoculants and stored for ninety days.…”

“…The authors found loss of physiological quality when the seeds were treated with thiamethoxam and stored in a natural environment for 180 and 270 days. Mariucci et al (2018) observed reduction in germination of hybrid maize seeds under treatments with insecticides, fungicides, and different combinations of inoculants after 45 days of storage. Lorenzetti et al (2014) found that maize seeds treated with fipronil did not lose physiological quality after a 42-day storage period, which corroborates the results obtained in the present study.…”

Bioestimulantes comerciais na germinação de sementes de sorgo granífero

“…Os resultados verificados por Mariucci et al (2018) corroboram com os obtidos no presente estudo, uma vez que, verificaram que a aplicação da dosagem técnica do bioestimulante Awaken ® em sementes de milho cultivar CD 324 PRO resultou em um maior efeito fitóxico em todos os tratamentos estudados, reduzindo drasticamente a qualidade fisiológica das sementes Em contrapartida, os mesmos autores infeririam que o bioestimulante Stimulate ® não afetou de forma negativa a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de milho.…”

Quality of corn seed industrial seed treatment (IST) and on-farm treatment (OFT) in Brazilian agribusiness

“…Different products and their compositions can be used in seed treatment, and these factors can positively or negatively affect the physiological quality of seeds (Santos et al, 2018;Carvalho et al, 2022a). Highlighting, some insecticide molecules may cause phytotoxicity, which impairs the germination and vigor of corn seeds (Mariucci et al, 2018;Oliveira et al, 2020), therefore, they demand more attention and a careful use, as it is believed that such negative effect can be enhanced when the treatment is not conducted correctly.…”