Riqueza de fungos causadores de ferrugens em plantas hospedeiras da Região Metropolitana de Belém, PA, Brasil

Abstract

-(Richness of rust fungi on host plants in Belém Metropolitan Area, Pará State, Brazil). This study had as objectives: to survey the fungi that cause rust (Pucciniales) in RMB, to identify species of rust parasitizing plants of economic interest, and to present findings of new records to South America, Brazil, Amazon and Pará, thus broadening the knowledge of the richness of the group and the relationships with their host plants. Collections were made in RMB in 2011-2013 period, and the MG (MPEG) and IAN (EMBRAPA) herbaria were revised. The RMB presented 76 species and 20 genera of Pucciniales. Fourteen species are new records: South America (one), Brazil (one), Amazon (five), State of Pará (one), and RMB (six). Twenty species of rust parasitize plants of economic interest. The RMB has the highest Pucciniales richness in the Amazon. Keywords: Amazon, phytopathogens, Pucciniales, survey RESUMO -(Riqueza de fungos causadores de ferrugens em plantas hospedeiras da Região Metropolitana de Belém, PA, Brasil). Este estudo teve por objetivos inventariar os fungos causadores de ferrugens (Pucciniales) na RMB, identificar espécies de ferrugens que parasitam plantas de interesse econômico, apresentar novos registros para a América do Sul, Brasil, Amazônia e Estado do Pará, e assim ampliar o conhecimento sobre a riqueza do grupo e da relação com suas plantas hospedeiras. Foram realizadas coletas na RMB no período de 2011-2013, e revisados os herbários MG (MPEG) e IAN (EMBRAPA). A RMB apresentou 76 espécies e 20 gêneros de fungos Pucciniales. Quatorze espécies são novos registros: para a América do Sul (uma), Brasil (uma), Amazônia (cinco), Estado do Pará (uma) e RMB (seis). Vinte espécies de ferrugens parasitavam plantas de interesse econômico. A RMB apresenta a maior riqueza de espécies de Pucciniales estudada na Amazônia.

Conidial fungi associated with leaf litter of red cedar (Cedrela odorata) in Belém, Pará (eastern Brazilian Amazon)

“…The examination was repeated for a period of 30-45 days. When present, the structures were removed from the substrate using thin needles and mounted on semi-permanent slides with lactoglycerol (distilled water + lactic acid + glycerin) (Carmo et al 2016) and permanent slides with PVL resin (polyvinyl alcohol + lactophenol) (Trappe and Schenck 1982). Species identification was achieved through morphological analysis and measurement of the microstructures of taxonomic value under an optical microscope with the aid of specialized literature, such as Ellis (1971), Matsushima (1975) and Seifert et al (2011).…”

Litter thickness and soil pH influence the diversity of saprotrophic fungi in primary forest fragments in the Amazon

“…In the laboratory, the material was washed under running water, packed in an adapted wet chamber (Santos et al, 2018), and incubated at room temperature (25-30 °C) inside polystyrene boxes (80 L) that were opened for light entry and air exchange for 30 min each day, over a maximum period of 60 days (adapted from (Castañeda-Ruíz et al, 2016). After 10 days of incubation, semi-permanent and/or permanent slides of reproductive structures were prepared with lactoglycerol (Carmo et al, 2016) and PVL resin (polyvinyl + alcohol + lactophenol) (Trappe and Schenck, 1982). The species were identified by morphological analysis and measurements of microstructures with taxonomic value under an optical microscope (magnification × 400 and ×1000), with the aid of specialized literature (Ellis, 1971(Ellis, , 1976Seifert et al, 2011).…”

Angular leaf spot inAcmella oleraceacaused by a foliar nematode

“…Despite the potential of this plant in the gastronomic and pharmaceutical fields, little is known about the pathogens that affect it and may limit its cultivation. The few records found in the literature report the incidence of fungi Tecaphora spilanthes and Puccinia cnici-oleracei , which cause, respectively, symptoms such as galls and deformations in the stem of the plant and rust (Coutinho et al 2006; Carmo et al 2016), in addition to the nematode Meloidogyne sp., which causes the formation of root galls (Singh et al 2000; Homma et al 2011).…”