Growth Dynamics of Araucaria after Management Interventions in Natural Forest

Longhi, Régis Villanova; Schneider, Paulo Renato; Longhi, Solon Jonas; Marangon, Gabriel Paes; Costa, Emanuel Arnoni

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.026415

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In contrast, a significant reduction in G leads to longer cutting cycles and more intensive interventions. Longhi et al [20] assessed the experimental forest management of a secondary MOF in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This site is just 250 km away from our study site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As A. angustifolia is currently considered an endangered species and protected by law [18], the management of forested areas is mostly forbidden. However, recent government initiatives are being considered to show that natural forests in Southern Brazil can be sustainable and provide environmental, social and economic benefits besides being an important part of the life of local farmers [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil

Costa

Liesenberg

Hess

et al. 2020

Forests

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This paper presents a simulation of the regulation of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze timber stocks using Liocourt’s law. Although this species is currently protected by law, recent government initiatives are being considered to propose sustainable forest management practices by selecting small rural properties in Southern Brazil. Here, we simulate the applicability of Liocourt’s law in a typical rural property, the size of which is approximately 85 ha. Forest inventory measurements were conducted by estimating the diameter at the breast height (d), total height (h), and annual diameter increments of 308 trees that fit the criteria of d ≥ 10 cm, distributed on 35 permanent plots of 400 m2 each. As a result, a reverse J-shaped d distribution was found. On average, 303 trees can be found per hectare (ha). Local allometric equations showed their basal area (G) to be 21.9 m2∙ha−1, and their commercial volume (V) to be 172 m3∙ha−1, whereas Liocourt’s quotient (q) was 1.31. Based on these attributes, nine different forest management scenarios were proposed by simulating a remaining basal area (Grem) of 10.0, 14.0, and 18.0 m2∙ha−1, and Liocourt’s quotient was changed to 1.1, 1.3, and 1.5. All scenarios consider a d of 62.5 cm. In the less intensive scenario (i.e., q value = 1.5 and larger basal area of 18.0 m2·ha−1) there is greater optimization of space, and higher economic return is ensured to rural producers due to the definition of shorter cutting cycles. This also allows a faster growth rate in both d and h for smaller trees, due to the higher incidence of light onto the lower canopy layer, increasing the natural regeneration implementation of other native species. Forest management should thus be considered a goal in addition to consumer market characteristics for defining the ideal timber stock scenario.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil

Costa

Liesenberg

Hess

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…However, during the last two centuries, its population has shrunk, due to the extraction driven by the high quality of araucaria wood and expansion of agricultural areas. Despite its ecological and commercial importance, the capacity of araucaria to regenerate and develop continuously in the native forest is uncertain (Longhi et al 2018). The study of the ecology and management of tropical and subtropical forests is based on the classification of the species according to the response to relevant disturbances and the need of certain levels of water or light (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pioneer, heliophyte, shade tolerant). Araucaria is considered a long-lived pioneer species that depend on large openings of the canopy to have a successful regeneration (Souza et al 2014, Longhi et al 2018). This idea is consistent with the success of araucaria plantations in deforested areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-physiological acclimation to canopy coverage of Araucaria angustifolia during the establishment in the Atlantic Forest, Argentina

et al. 2019

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Araucaria angustifolia is an ecologically and commercially important species of the Atlantic Forest. However, its ability to regenerate continuously under the shade of the canopy in the rainforest is uncertain. The aims were: to evaluate the morpho-physiological responses of araucaria to different intensities of canopy coverage to know its shade acclimation capacity; and to evaluate survival and growth under different shade intensities in gaps. First, seedlings were grown in pots at full sun or under canopy shade and morphophysiological traits were measured after 6 and 12 months. Survival was 100 % under full sun and 40 % under shade. One year after planting, the ability to use high-intensity light was similar in plants under both conditions, although shade plants did not grow and showed little capacity to acclimate to shade. Plants under full sun duplicated their size in six months and had higher capacity to deliver water to the leaves. However, shade plants had higher specific hydraulic conductance. After that, in a field experiment, seedlings were planted in six forest-gaps to record survival and growth for 30 months. Survival was high in all positions within the gaps. In the center of the gaps, where incident radiation was higher, growth was higher. We conclude that araucaria has low ability to acclimate to low radiation, nevertheless, it can survive at least 30 months under the canopy. Consequently, araucaria should not be planted below dense canopy shade. The microenvironment in the center of 195-293 m 2 gaps is proper for araucaria growth. RESUMENAraucaria angustifolia (araucaria) es una especie del Bosque Atlántico de importancia ecológica y comercial, pero su capacidad para regenerar continuamente bajo dosel es incierta. Los objetivos fueron: evaluar la respuesta morfo-fisiológica de araucaria a diferentes intensidades de cobertura de dosel para conocer su capacidad de aclimatación; y evaluar supervivencia y crecimiento bajo diferentes niveles de cobertura durante su establecimiento en claros del Bosque Atlántico. En experimentos en maceta, plantas jóvenes fueron expuestas a sol pleno y bajo sombra del dosel y se hicieron mediciones morfo-fisiológicas seis y 12 meses después de plantadas. La supervivencia fue 100 % a sol pleno y 40 % bajo sombra. Un año luego de plantar, las plantas tuvieron similar capacidad para usar luz de alta intensidad, pero bajo sombra no crecieron y demostraron baja capacidad de aclimatación a la sombra. Las plantas a sol pleno duplicaron su tamaño en seis meses y presentaron mayor capacidad para conducir agua hacia las hojas. Las plantas bajo sombra presentaron mayor conductividad hidráulica específica. En experimento a campo se plantó araucaria en seis claros del bosque y se registró supervivencia y crecimiento durante 30 meses. La supervivencia fue alta y no se asoció a la posición de las plantas dentro del claro. Los mayores crecimientos se registraron en el centro de los claros. Araucaria tuvo poca capacidad para aclimatarse a bajas radiaciones, pero pudo sobrevivir al menos...

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“…The various practices of forest management, such as the removal of pre-selected trees, are directed to the quality of plantations maintenance, which reduces competition among the remaining trees and provides growth in diameter due to the greater resources availability (LONGHI et al, 2018). Because of the thinning intensity, the increase in diameter may promote changes in consumption and efficiency of water use by trees, which occur in function of the water availability in the environment and the capacity of the arboreous species adaptation (PARK et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DIAMETRIC GROWTH AND PROPERTIES OF Copaifera langsdorffii DESF. BY SECOND CUTTING CYCLE

Carmo

Latorraca

Santos

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to analyze forest management effects in the diametric growth and wood anatomical, chemical and physical properties of Copaifera langsdorffii trees, in an Ombrophilous Open Forest (state of Mato Grosso, Brazil). The forest management effects were determined through a comparative study between the wood properties of 10 years before and 10 years after the first logging, in 1987. Multivariate associations among the anatomical characteristics, macro and micronutrient, wood density, and current annual increment (ICA) were evaluated to every growth period through the two steps cluster analysis. The results indicated that the following characteristics were relevant to distinct the periods studied: ICA, vessel frequency, and wood density. C. langsdorffii respond to stimuli caused by forest management, adapting to the increase of resources availability, due to the opening gaps, and showing growth increase with reduction of wood density, which may indicate variations on the wood properties. Keywords: Wood quality, forest management, tropical wood. ResumoCrescimento diamétrico e propriedades do lenho de Copaifera langsdorffi desf. De segundo ciclo de corte. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os possíveis efeitos do manejo florestal no crescimento diamétrico e nas propriedades anatômicas, químicas e físicas da madeira de Copaifera langsdorffii, em Floresta Ombrófila Aberta (Mato Grosso, Brasil). O efeito do manejo florestal foi determinado por meio de um estudo comparativo entre as características tecnológicas do lenho correspondente a dez anos antes e dez anos após a primeira exploração, ocorrida em 1987. Foram avaliados: associações multivariadas entre as características anatômicas, macro e micronutrientes, densidade aparente e incremento corrente anual (ICA), em cada período analisado, por meio de análise de cluster em duas etapas. Os resultados indicaram que as seguintes características foram relevantes para a distinção dos períodos estudados: ICA, frequência de vasos e densidade da madeira. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a espécie arbórea C. langsdorffii responde aos estímulos provocados pelo manejo florestal, adaptando-se ao aumento da disponibilidade de recursos decorrentes da abertura de clareiras e apresentando ganhos de incremento com redução na densidade, o que pode indicar adaptações das propriedades da madeira. Palavras-chave: Qualidade da madeira, exploração florestal, madeira tropical.

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Growth Dynamics of Araucaria after Management Interventions in Natural Forest

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil

Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil

Morpho-physiological acclimation to canopy coverage of Araucaria angustifolia during the establishment in the Atlantic Forest, Argentina

DIAMETRIC GROWTH AND PROPERTIES OF Copaifera langsdorffii DESF. BY SECOND CUTTING CYCLE

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