Lycopodiaceae in Brazil. Conspectus of the family II. The genera Lycopodiella, Palhinhaea, and Pseudolycopodiella

Abstract

This paper treats the Brazilian species of three genera of the Lycopodiaceae: Lycopodiella with four species (one endemic), Palhinhaea with six (two endemics), and Pseudolycopodiella with seven (one endemic). The species are described, and keys and illustrations, or references to illustrations for their identification are provided. The nomenclature is reviewed. Representative specimens are cited, and the general distribution and habitats are indicated. Pseudolycopodiella squamata is described as new to science. Key words: diversity, floristics, lycophytes, phytogeography, taxonomy. ResumoEste trabalho trata as espécies de três gêneros de Lycopodiaceae: Lycopodiella com quatro espécies (uma endêmica), Palhinhaea com seis (duas endêmicas) e Pseudolycopodiella com sete (uma endêmica). As espécies são descritas, sendo apresentadas chaves e ilustrações ou referências a ilustrações para sua identificação. A nomenclatura está revisada, espécimes representativos são citados, a distribuição geral e habitats são indicados. Pseudolycopodiella squamata é descrita como nova para a ciência. Palavras-chave: diversidade, florística, licófitas, fitogeografia, taxonomia.Lycopodiaceae in Brazil. Conspectus of the family II. The genera Lycopodiella, Palhinhaea, and Pseudolycopodiella

Pseudolycopodiella iuliformis (Lycopodiaceae, Lycopodielloideae) in Ecuador and Peru; a disjunct species between the Guyana Shield and the Cordillera del Cóndor

“…Dry material and pictures of our specimens were the basis to update the morphological description of P. iuliformis (Øllgaard and Windisch 2016). All measurements were performed on dry material, fine-scale observations and measurements of reproductive structures were made with a dissecting microscope.…”

“…Pseudolycopodiella Holub consists of ~15 poorly understood species distributed in tropical and temperate regions of western Asia, Australia, and western North and South America (Holub 1983, Øllgaard andWindisch 2016). In the Neotropics, Brazil has the highest diversity of species (seven), followed by Venezuela, which has four species.…”

“…Pseudolycopodiella can be distinguished from other South American members of the subfamily Lycopodielloideae (i.e., Lycopodiella Holub, Palhinhaea Vascon. & Franco) by the following character states: 1) sporophytes with prostrate, rooting, indeterminate, isophyllous to strongly anisophyllous, horizontally branching shoots and dorsally arising, erect, simple strobiliferous branches with leaves that conform with those of the prostrate shoots or leaves that are strongly reduced and distant; 2) sporophylls arranged in alternating whorls of 3-5, rarely decussate, forming 4-10 (-12) longitudinal ranks, free, not enclosing the sporangia at maturity, without veinal mucilage canals; 3) sporangia isovalvate, reniform, widely attached to the sporophyll stalk: sporangium epidermis cells with incompletely lignified or with incomplete semiannular thickenings (Øllgaard 2014, Øllgaard andWindisch 2016). Bonnetia (Bonnetiaceae), and Aratitiyopea (Xyridaceae) (Berry et al 1995, Neill 2005, 2007, Wurdack 2017; several new taxa have also been discovered (Gradstein et al 2019, Mashburn et al 2020, Pérez et al 2020, 2021.…”

Sinónimos nuevos, tipificaciones y especies excluidas en la familia Lycopodiaceae de la flora del Paraguay

“…Se han podido revisar todas las colecciones mencionadas: corresponden a Lycopodiella longipes, por lo que aquí se excluye a P. contexta de la flora de Paraguay. P. contexta es una especie circum-amazónica, que habita en Perú, Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil (Øllgaard & Windisch, 2016).…”

Lycopodiaceae in Brazil. Conspectus of the family III. The genera Huperzia and Phlegmariurus

“…The first part (Øllgaard & Windisch 2014) treated the genera Austrolycopodium Holub, Diphasiastrum Holub, Diphasium C.Presl ex Rothm., and Lycopodium L. (subfamily Lycopodioideae according to Wagner & Beitel 1992), including 5 species, and gave a general introduction to the family, the history of its study and exploration in Brazil, and keys to the genera of the family. The second part (Øllgaard & Windisch 2016) treated the genera Lycopodiella Holub, Palhinhaea Carv. Vasc.…”