Variação cambial em Serjania caracasana (Sapindaceae): enfoque na adequação terminológica

Abstract

RESUMO(Variação cambial em Serjania caracasana (Sapindaceae): enfoque na adequação terminológica) O corpus lignosum compositum, típico para as lianas da família Sapindaceae, é designado neste trabalho como "cilindro vascular composto". No caule de Serjania caracasana (Jacq.) Willd. essa variação cambial está representada por um cilindro vascular central circundado por oito cilindros vasculares periféricos. Não existe consenso quanto à terminologia que envolve essa estrutura, o que torna difícil uma abordagem anatômica desagregada de uma adequação terminológica. Nesse estudo, por meio da análise anatômica do caule, verificou-se que mesmo antes da vascularização há indícios do aspecto composto, com a formação de oito lobos que circundam a região central. Com o início da vascularização, cada lobo e a região central são denominados "cilindro vascular". O termo aqui adotado "cilindro vascular composto" é adequado, pois reflete a homologia entre os cilindros vasculares em S. caracasana através da origem procambial. Esse termo exibe um caráter descritivo que facilita a compreensão do conceito e mantém a relação de equivalência lingüística com o termo originalcorpus lignosum compositum. Rejeita-se o termo "caule poliestélico" ou "caule multiestelar", pois os resultados aqui apresentados indicam a presença de um único estelo no caule. Palavras-chave: anatomia, liana, Serjania, terminologia, variação cambial. ABSTRACT(Cambial variant in Serjania caracasana (Sapindaceae): approach on the terminological adequacy) The corpus lignosum compositum is assigned in this work as "compound vascular cylinder" and is typical for the lianas from the Sapindaceae family. In the stem of the Serjania caracasana (Jacq.) Willd. this cambial variant is represented by a central vascular cylinder surrounded by eight peripheral vascular cylinders. There is no consensus about the terminology that involves this structure making difficult an anatomical approach without a terminological adequacy. In this study, through the anatomical analysis, it was verified that even before the vascularization there are indications of a compound vascular structure with the formation of eight lobes that surround the central area. With the beginning of the vascularization of each lobe the central area is called "vascular cylinder". The term adopted here "compound vascular cylinder" is proper, because it reflects the homology between the vascular cylinders in S. caracasana through the procambial origin. This term shows a descriptive attribute that enables the concept understanding and keeps the linguistic equivalence with the original term -corpus lignosum compositum. We reject the term "multistelar stem" and "polystelic stem" because the results obtained here indicate the presence of a single stele in the stem.

Unravelling roots of lianas: a case study in Sapindaceae

“…These similarities between the two organs have also been confirmed in more recent studies: phloem wedges in lianas of Bignoniaceae (Gabrielli, 1992;Martinelli et al, 2008;Victorio and Angyalossy, 2014) and successive cambia in the families Basellaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Menispermaceae and Aizoaceae (Carlquist, 1999(Carlquist, , 2004(Carlquist, , 2007Tamaio, 2006). For Sapindaceae, the object of this study, no cambial variants were found in the roots of the only species studied, Serjania caracasana (Tamaio, 2001), although the stem of this species and numerous others in this large Neotropical genus exhibits a conspicuous cambial variant known as compound vascular cylinder (Schenck, 1893;Solereder, 1908;Pfeiffer, 1926;Obaton, 1960;Van der Walt et al, 1973;Acevedo-Rodr ıguez, 1993;Tamaio and Angyalossy, 2009).…”

“…Sections were made with a sliding microtome, double-stained in astra blue and safranin (Bukatsch, 1972, modified by Kraus and Arduin, 1997) and mounted in Canada balsam to make permanent slides. (1893), Solereder (1908), Pfeiffer (1926), Obaton (1960), Van der Walt et al (1973), Acevedo-Rodr ıguez (1993), Ara ujo and Costa (2006), Tamaio andAngyalossy (2009), Tamaio andSomner (2010), Borniego and Cabanillas (2014) and Bastos (2015).…”

“…Despite what is generally thought, stems of Sapindaceae lianas are extremely varied, not all belonging to the 'compound stem' type. In fact, numerous different types of cambial variants are present, something that has been explored by numerous authors (Schenck, 1893;Solereder, 1908;Pfeiffer, 1926;Obaton, 1960;Van der Walt et al, 1973;Acevedo-Rodr ıguez, 1993;Klaassen, 1999;Ara ujo and Costa, 2006;Tamaio and Angyalossy, 2009;Tamaio and Somner, 2010;Borniego and Cabanillas, 2014;Bastos, 2015). Nevertheless, information on these types is fragmentary.…”

“…Successive cambia (type 7) are present in a few species of Paullinia and appear later in secondary growth. Finally, xylem furrowed by phloem wedges in the cylinders (type 8), here sometimes referred to as phloem wedges only, is a type present in species of Serjania (Schenck, 1893;Solereder, 1908;Pfeiffer, 1926;Obaton, 1960;Van der Walt et al, 1973;Acevedo-Rodr ıguez, 1993;Klaassen, 1999;Ara ujo and Costa, 2006;Tamaio and Angyalossy, 2009;Tamaio and Somner, 2010;Borniego and Cabanillas, 2014;Bastos, 2015). Although all this diversity in stem anatomy is known for Sapindaceae, the relationship of stem and root anatomy for these lianas and whether the marked diversity of the stems is somehow paralleled by the roots are unknown.…”

Anatomia do caule e da raiz em Menispermaceae"

“…Carlquist (2001) não considera como variação cambial, e sim como uma característica que ocorre no hábito escalador, sendo restrita a poucas famílias arbóreas (IAWA Committee, 1989). Esse tecido é mencionado para plantas suculentas, como Crassulaceae (Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950), plantas que habitam regiões áridas, como Brassicaceae, Asteraceae e Cactaceae (Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950;Soffiatti, 2003) e plantas escaladoras (Dias-Leme, 1999;Tamaio, 2001;Ozório-Filho, 2002 .…”