“…19.4H). In the families in which their composition has been described, they were also heterocellular (Klaassen 1999 for Sapindaceae;Tamaio 2006 for Menispermaceae; Rajput et al 2012b for Leguminosae; Pace & Angyalossy 2013 for Bignoniaceae), marked by the presence of procumbent, square, and upright cells mixed throughout the rays (Fig. 19.4I).…”
“…19.4H). In the families in which their composition has been described, they were also heterocellular (Klaassen 1999 for Sapindaceae;Tamaio 2006 for Menispermaceae; Rajput et al 2012b for Leguminosae; Pace & Angyalossy 2013 for Bignoniaceae), marked by the presence of procumbent, square, and upright cells mixed throughout the rays (Fig. 19.4I).…”
“…Brasil e podemos citar alguns como Dias-Leme (1999) que comparou as diferenças entre plantas com gêneros lianescentes e arbóreos, Tamaio (2001Tamaio ( , 2006Tamaio ( , 2009Tamaio ( et al, 2010, que trabalhou com desenvolvimento de…”
Section: Trabalhos Recentes Foram Desenvolvidos Com Anatomia De Lianaunclassified
“…Bibliografia: Schenck (1893), Pfeiffer (1926); Eichler (1864), Barneby (1975); Tamaio (2006); Tamaio et al (2009), Tamaio et al (2010.…”
Section: Menispermaceaeunclassified
“…O caule de Cissus tinctoria e Cissus verticillata, pode se tornar achatado como apontado por Carlquist (1988Carlquist ( , 1991Carlquist ( , 2001 As variações cambiais podem separar grandes grupos ou famílias ocorrentes na área estudada (Caballé, 1993). Como exemplo, podemos citar os caules compostos, que identificam a maioria das Sapindaceae (Radlkofer, 1874;Schenck, 1892Schenck, , 1893Carlquist 1988Carlquist , 1991Carlquist , 2001; o xilema segmentado que separa famílias como Asteraceae, Aristolochiaceae, Menispermaceae (Tamaio, 2006, Tamaio & Angyalossy, 2009Tamaio et al, 2010); Floema incluso interxilemático em ilhotas ocorre em Nyctaginaceae (Schenck, 1893, Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950Carlquist 1988Carlquist , 2001Carlquist , 2007; Cunhas de floema interrompendo o xilema que ocorrem em Bignoniaceae (Schenck, 1893, Gasson & Dobbins 1991, Dos Santos, 1995Pace, 2009)…”
AbstractThe liana genus Paullinia L. is one of the most speciose in the neotropics and is unusual in its diversity of stem macromorphologies and cambial conformations. These so-called “vascular cambial variants” are morphologically disparate, evolutionarily labile, and are implicated in injury repair and flexibility. In this study, we explore at the finer scale how wood anatomy translates into functions related to the climbing habit. We present the wood anatomy of Paullinia and discuss the functional implications of key anatomical features. Wood anatomy characters were surveyed for 21 Paullinia species through detailed anatomical study. Paullinia woods have dimorphic vessels, rays of two size classes, and both septate and non-septate fibers. Fibriform vessels, fusiform axial parenchyma, and elements morphologically intermediate between fibers and axial parenchyma were observed. Prismatic crystals are common in the axial and/or ray parenchyma, and laticifers are present in the cortex and/or the early-formed secondary phloem. Some features appear as unique to Paullinia or the Sapindaceae, such as the paucity of axial parenchyma and the abundance of starch storing fibers. Although many features are conserved across the genus, the Paullinia wood anatomy converges on several features of the liana-specific functional anatomy expressed across distantly related lianas, demonstrating an example of convergent evolution. Hence, the conservation of wood anatomy in Paullinia suggests a combination of phylogenetic constraint as a member of Sapindaceae and functional constraint from the liana habit.
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