Empresas e direitos humanos: premissas, tensões e possibilidades

Abstract

Resumo Este trabalho reflete sobre a importância de se abrir mais espaço nas discussões no campo da administração para a reflexão a respeito das responsabilidades das empresas em relação aos direitos humanos. Pondera-se sobre a responsabilização das empresas no que concerne ao respeito e à proteção de direitos humanos, discutindo as complexidades do tema. Nesse sentido, é apontada a necessidade de se ter cautela em relação à aceitação das corporações como atores políticos capazes de ocupar espaços do Estado, sem problematizar essa substituição ou questionar o grau de responsabilização que se conseguiria atribuir às empresas. Argumenta-se que, embora tenha um apelo ao universalismo, a governança dos direitos humanos e, consequentemente, a forma que eles assumem na contemporaneidade, é marcada pela relação de poder Norte-Sul. Por fim, a responsabilização moral das organizações por vias legais ou extralegais é importante e um avanço em relação ao campo cinzento em que muitas empresas operam, e que tal movimento parece ser uma tendência contemporânea que tende a se fortalecer.Palavras-chave: Direitos humanos e empresas. Governança global. Relações Norte Global-Sul Global.businEss and human rights: prEmisEs, tEnsions, and promisEs Abstract T his paper emphasizes the importance of giving space in Brazilian academia to the debates around the responsibilities of business human towards rights. The work emphasizes the complexities around the discussion and points to the necessary caution towards the engagement of corporations as political actors occupying spaces that before belonged only to the states. Moreover, I discuss the relation with the accountability of companies regarding the respect or, in some cases, the protection of human rights. Questioning the human rights appeal to universalism, it is argued that the governance of human rights and the form they take in contemporary society is marked by the power relations between the Global North and the Global South. Finally, it is pointed out that organization moral accountability from hard or soft law regulations is important and a step forward in comparison to the gray field in which many companies operate. Such a move appears to be a contemporary trend that tends to strengthen itself.

Gaps de entendimento: construindo significados da responsabilidade social corporativa na mineração de agregados

“…Company responsibilities towards sustainable development and the wellbeing of society had already been consolidated with initiatives like the Global Compact (Schembera, 2018), the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development -recognized as part of the CSR domain (Bertoncello & Chang, 2007) -and the commitments around the human rights responsibilities of business (Barros, 2018).…”

Negócios e direitos humanos: Trilhas para pesquisas sobre teoria e prática

“…Globalization has allowed large companies to start operating in a dispersed way across the globe, changing the social disposition of several locations in which they are present, while implementing their strategies and business models within the global chain (Wettstein et al, 2019). These transformations also raised questions about organizations, once they are relevant actors in the political, economic and social scenario, in some cases with influence and power similar or stronger than the States (Barros, 2018).…”

“…The Business and Human Rights premise is that voluntary initiatives do not involve all companies, which allows the not included ones to act with impunity (Ramasastry, 2015). Barros (2018) indicates that the controversial operation of organizations contributed to open space for them to receive criticism even with the existence or absence of national or international regulations. With this, the field of Business and Human Rights becomes stronger within a context of crisis caused by the actions of corporations in different parts of the world.…”

Corporations and the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship: the editorials of Folha de S. Paulo newspaper from a historical perspective

“…In most cases, these studies deal with corporate social responsibility, business ethics, business and human rights, or corporate historical responsibility (A. Barros, 2018; A. S. M. Costa & M. A. C. Silva, 2018;Linstead, Maréchal, & Griffin, 2014;Maritan & Oliveira, 2022, Schrempf-Stirling, Palazzo, & Phillips, 2016. We believe that one of the possible ways to expand this debate is by engaging more researchers in historical research in organizational studies.…”