Subjective Sleep Need and Daytime Sleepiness in Adolescents

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the contribution of subjective sleep need for daytime sleepiness in adolescents, and to compare questions about sleep, age and body mass index between adolescents who considered to sleep enough and those who reported the need for more sleep. Methods: This is a descriptive, epidemiological and cross-sectional study. Data collection was performed in August 2016, with 773 adolescents aged 14-19 years old, from Paranaguá, Paraná, Southern Brazil. The analysis included the following variables: time in bed, half-sleep phase, sleep need, social jetlag, daytime sleepiness, body mass index and physical activity. Results: The prevalence of adolescents with subjective need for sleep was 73.0%, with an average need of 1.7 extra hours of sleep. These adolescents woke up earlier (p<0.001) and slept less on school days (p<0.001). The need for more sleep was associated with higher daytime sleepiness scores (rho=0.480; p<0.001) and with later half-sleep phase (rho=0.200; p<0.001). No correlation was identified between the sleep need and time in bed (rho=-0.044; p=0.225). The subjective sleep need was the variable with the greatest explanatory power for daytime sleepiness (24.8%; p<0.001). In addition, the less adolescents practiced physical activity, the higher their daytime sleepiness scores (rho=-0.117; p<0.001). Conclusions: The subjective sleep need has an important role in explaining daytime sleepiness among adolescents. Adolescents who needed to sleep more reported waking up early and experienced sleep deprivation during class days; they also woke up later on the weekends and experienced more daytime sleepiness, compared to those who believed they had enough sleep.

Daytime sleepiness in elementary school students: the role of sleep quality and chronotype

“…This study confirms that daytime sleepiness may correlate with factors other than inadequate sleep duration 28,29 . Thus, our findings are congruent with those in Ferrari Junior et al 30 (2019) since these authors found no correlations between daytime sleepiness, as the PDSS assesses, and length of time in bed. The authors found that the perceived need for more sleep and mid-sleep on school days were predictive of daytime sleepiness 30 .…”

“…Thus, our findings are congruent with those in Ferrari Junior et al 30 (2019) since these authors found no correlations between daytime sleepiness, as the PDSS assesses, and length of time in bed. The authors found that the perceived need for more sleep and mid-sleep on school days were predictive of daytime sleepiness 30 . In our data, the perception of sleep quality showed the best predictive power for daytime sleepiness, reinforcing the idea that sufficient or ideal sleep covers different aspects -many of which are and susceptible to change throughout life -in addition to time in bed.…”

Uso y abuso de dispositivos móviles y su rol en el desarrollo de trastornos del sueño en adolescentes

“…Se ha observado, asociación con hiperhidrosis del sueño y un cronotipo vespertino; síntomas de insomnio y uso de dispositivos electrónicos por más de una hora al día se asocian a la presencia de SDE 22 . Uno de los factores que más se relacionan con la SDE es la necesidad subjetiva reportada por los adolescentes de mayores horas de sueño, como lo observaron Ferrari et al 23 Además, las enfermedades mentales y el alto estrés académico son factores de riesgo para desarrollar SDE. Luo et al en 2018, observaron dentro de una población rural de adolescentes en China una asociación bidireccional entre la SDE y los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad, lo que puede indicar que existe una relación compleja entre las enfermedades mentales y las alteraciones del sueño en los adolescentes 24 .…”