Relationship Between Fiber Intake and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the fiber intake and the relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: This is a cross-sectional in which adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus were evaluated. The dietary consumption was assessed by the 24-hour recall; nutritional status was classified according to the Body Mass index/Age by Sex; abdominal obesity was assessed through waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and glucose and lipid metabolism. The data were analyzed using Statistical Software for Professionals 14 and all statistical analyses used an alpha error of 5%. Results: 52 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 16.7±1.5 years. Inadequate fiber consumption occurred in 61.5% (n=32) of them. Average of waist circumference measures (81.4 vs. 75.5 cm; p=0.02), waist-to-height ratio (0.51 vs. 0.47; p=0.02) and systolic blood pressure (122.1 vs. 114.8 mmHg; p=0.03) were higher in those who had inadequate fiber intake. Among the cardiovascular risk factors evaluated, the waist/height ratio showed a significant negative correlation with fiber consumption (r=-0.3; p=0.04), that is, the higher the fiber consumption, the lower the value of the waist ratio /stature. Conclusions: Low dietary fiber intake in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus juvenile is related to higher abdominal adiposity and consequently with increased cardiovascular risk.

The association of Carbohydrate Quality Index with cardiovascular disease risk factors among women with overweight and obesity: A cross-sectional study

“…A population-based study suggested an inverse association between CQI with abdominal obesity in men (23). Indeed, in previous studies, fiber intake was associated with obesity, WHR, WC, body weight, and BMI (54,56,(63)(64)(65). Also, an association was seen between GI with body weight and obesity (66).…”

“…Another study revealed an inverse association between CQI and CVD risk factors including HbA1c, FBS, TG, SBP, DBP, TC, and HDL (55). Fiber intake, as one of the CQI components, affects hypertension, metabolic syndrome components, insulin resistance, and LDL (54,(56)(57)(58)(59). It also affects inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP (54,56).…”

“…Fiber intake, as one of the CQI components, affects hypertension, metabolic syndrome components, insulin resistance, and LDL (54,(56)(57)(58)(59). It also affects inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP (54,56). GI, another CQI component, was shown to increase postprandial glucose, insulin responses, TG, and non-HDL cholesterol, and decrease HDL cholesterol (60,61).…”

“…The minimum sample size was 152 people through the following formula and with a design effect of 1.5: n = (([(Z 1−α + Z 1−β ) × √1 – r 2 ]/r) 2 + 2), which α = 0.05, β = 0.95, r = 0.3 ( 54 ). Quantitative variables were described as mean and standard deviation (SD) and categorical variables were described as numbers and percentages.…”