Micropropagation of Guadua chacoensis (Rojas) Londoño & P. M. Peterson1

Abstract

The bamboo productive chain is still incipient in Brazil, and the low supply of plantlets due to low-efficient conventional propagation methods presents a significant bottleneck to its development. This study aimed to establish a micropropagation protocol for Guadua chacoensis. Explants from donor plants cultivated under controlled environment showed less contamination, if compared to explants from plants grown in the field. The contamination rate was even lower when 2 mL L-1 of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™) were added to the culture medium, leading to a higher establishment rate. The obtained cultures were then multiplied using either in vitro-derived nodal segments or clump division in the presence of increasing contents (0 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM or 40 mM) of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). The number of shoots increased with increasing BAP concentrations, but this also resulted in a reduced rooting rate and root length. Plants acclimatized under 0 %, 35 % or 65 % of shading showed a dynamic maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), which initially decreased within the first seven days after the transfer to ex vitro conditions, but then increased until reaching stable values of 0.775 after 17 days. Additionally, the shading improved the plant survival rates, if compared to those under non-shaded conditions, which presented photoinhibition and photodamage symptoms.

Clonal micro-garden formation of Bambusa vulgaris: effect of seasonality, culture environment, antibiotic and plant growth regulator on in vitro culture

“…Results of in vitro establishment of Bambusa vulgaris (Figure 3) are similar to those found in B. tulda (Bhadrawale et al, 2018), G. chacoensis (Ornellas et al, 2019) and B. oldhami (Silveira et al, 2020). Thus, different responses of B. vulgaris explants were observed, varying according to the months of collection and origin.…”

“…Tissue contamination is an undesirable aspect of the in vitro introduction process. Fungal contamination is reported in several bamboo species, as well as Bambusa tulda (Bhadrawale et al, 2018), B. vulgaris (Furlan et al, 2018;Ribeiro et al, 2020), Drepanostachyum luodianense (Lin et al, 2019), Guadua angustifolia (Nogueira et al, 2019), Guadua chacoensis (Ornellas et al, 2019), Guadua magna (Nogueira et al, 2019) and Guadua latifolia (Leão et al, 2020). However, the results showed differences between stock plant cultivated in different environments (A1, A2, and A3) and shoot collection (SC1, …, SC9) factors at 30 days of in vitro cultivation.…”

“…Micropropagation is expected to produce healthy individuals that are genetically identical to the selected plant (Nogueira et al, 2019;Ornellas et al, 2019). Some clonal variations, through the production of calluses (e.g., indirect organogenesis), can occur due to prolonged in vitro culture time (Lin et al, 2019).…”

Efecto de biocidas y consistencia del medio de cultivo para el establecimiento in vitro de Guadua angustifolia

“…En este estudio, los explantes que se trataron con 1,5 mL L -1 de Germon 80 durante 10 min y luego se cultivaron en un medio suplementado con una concentración de PPM TM de menos de 4 mL L -1 , presentaron una tasa de viabilidad (explantes vivos no contaminados) entre 40 % y 80 %. Este resultado es mejor que la esterilización de explantes de Gadua chacoensis (Rojas) Londoño y P.M. Peterson utilizando una solución de NaClO al 4 % (sin adición de ningún biocida), ya que solo el 22 % de los explantes se desarrolló sin contaminación (Ornellas et al 2019). Según Casanova et al (2019), el mejor tratamiento para reducir la contaminación de explantes de Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.…”

“…Al mismo tiempo, diversos investigadores (Bakshi et al 2015, Saini et al 2016, Nogueira et al 2019 informan que las soluciones a base de cloruro de mercurio (HgCl 2 ) son eficientes en los protocolos de esterilización. Sin embargo, el uso descontrolado e inadecuada manipulación de este producto pueden traer graves consecuencias debido a su alta toxicidad (Branco et al 2017), además de elevar los riesgos de contaminación ambiental producto de los residuos químicos generados en el cultivo in vitro (Ornellas et al 2019).…”